Implementing Social Determinants of Health Screening in the Medical-Surgical Telemetry Unit
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Gaskins, Brooke
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Abstract
Problem and Purpose: A gap in Social Determinants of Health (SDoH) screening for financial resource strain (FRS) and health literacy (HL) was identified in a mid-sized community hospital's Medical-Surgical Telemetry Unit. SDoH attributes 50% of county-level health outcomes to socioeconomic factors. A community needs assessment revealed that 47.4% of respondents faced healthcare affordability as a barrier to access, and half expressed concerns about HL. This quality improvement (QI) project aimed to implement an enhanced SDoH screening process to identify adult patients at high risk for FRS and HL. Additionally, this project aimed to facilitate community resource (CR) assistance to address social needs among inpatients in the Medical-Surgical Telemetry Unit. Methods: The QI Project Lead (QI-PL) mobilized an interdisciplinary project team. Approximately 180 adult inpatients were expected to benefit from screening upon admission. The QI-PL strategies and tactics included modifying the electronic health record, training caregivers on the workflow, collaborating with leadership, and conducting weekly chart audits. Results: During the 15 weeks of the QI project, 235 patients were eligible for SDoH screening. Of these, 95% (n=224) were screened for FRS and HL, with 16% (n=36) identified as high risk for FRS and 20% (n=45) for HL. CRs were provided to 92% (n=33) of patients at high risk for FRS and 96% (n=43) for HL. Screening compliance improved from 67% in Week 1 to 100% by Week 15. Conclusions: Findings suggest that enhanced SDoH screening identified patients at high risk for FRS and HL. The screening and provision of CR referrals showed positive trends. These findings indicated that the project achieved its goals of improving the identification of social needs and linking patients to necessary CRs.