Implementation of an Interprofessional Vaccine Initiative to Increase Inpatient Pneumococcal Vaccination
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Davis, Eleanor E.
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Abstract
Problem: Pneumococcal vaccination is associated with a 22% risk reduction in mortality in those over age 65, shorter hospital stays, and lower medical expenditures. On a cardiac telemetry unit, only 11 of 726 inpatients were vaccinated against pneumonia during hospitalization from January 2024 through mid- August 2024. Current evidence supports collaboration with pharmacists to implement a unit-based vaccination program to increase vaccination rates. Annually, this unit cares for over 1000 adults and such an intervention could impact the provision of pneumococcal vaccination to over 500 adults. Purpose: The purpose of this quality improvement project is to increase pneumococcal vaccination rates among inpatient adults in a cardiac telemetry unit by implementing and evaluating an interprofessional vaccine initiative. Methods: In the week preceding implementation, 56% of nursing staff received in-person simulation training and an additional 30% of staff viewed the educational video. The pharmacists were educated separately to accommodate schedule differences. As part of the intervention, five vaccines were stocked on the unit. The two unit-based pharmacists screened patients using a new electronic health record note to order the vaccine. The pharmacists provided patient education and communicated via a TigerConnect ™ message to the assigned nurse on the day of discharge to administer the vaccine. The project lead conducted weekly process audits input in REDCap. Feedback data on intervention adherence, omissions, and barriers to immunization were communicated with nursing staff, unit champions and pharmacists via email. Results: During the fifteen weeks of the project, the pharmacists screened 183 of 285 (64.2%) patients. They educated 78 of 137 (56.9%) patients who were eligible for vaccination. Thirty-two of 95 (33.7%) patients who qualified for the vaccination from August 26th, 2024, through December 9th, 2024, received Prevnar 20® pneumococcal vaccinations. Barriers to implementation included patients refusing vaccination, nursing staff forgetting to administer the vaccine, and pharmacist unavailability during weekends, vacations, and assignments to different units. Run charts of data over the implementation period show no shifts or trends. Conclusions: Interprofessional vaccine initiatives increase pneumococcal vaccinations; however, barriers to pharmacist screening and patient refusals led to fewer vaccinations than expected.
