Improving Sepsis Bundle Adherence Rates in a Hospital’s Adult Emergency Department
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Abstract
Problem: The emergency department (ED) of a community hospital has struggled with adhering to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) Sepsis Management (SEP-1) bundle. Data from January to December 2023 showed a 54% cumulative nonadherence rate, primarily from missed repeat lactate levels and delayed fluid boluses. Despite having an electronic health record (EHR) sepsis checklist to guide nurses, only 2% of septic patients had a checklist completed in December 2023. Purpose: The purpose of this quality improvement project was to reduce CMS SEP-1 bundle nonadherence rates among patients 18 years or older who meet severe sepsis or septic shock criteria in the adult ED by increasing the utilization of the sepsis checklist within the EHR, an evidence-based, research-supported practice change. Methods: Over the 15-week intervention period in the fall of 2024, a total of 143 septic patients were impacted. The project began with an education session on sepsis protocols and the reintroduction of checklist use. Sepsis standing orders were triggered if a patient met the sepsis criteria, and the checklist emphasized steps such as repeating elevated lactate levels and administering fluid boluses. Data on checklist adherence, repeat lactate levels, and administration of fluid boluses were collected weekly, with ongoing analysis to monitor progress. Results: Results show that 72% of nurses completed sepsis education. Checklist utilization rose to 58.3% early in the intervention but fluctuated, dropping to 0% twice in October. Repeat lactate adherence improved, peaking at 100%. IV fluid administration was impacted by supply shortages, dropping to 33.3% in December. Conclusions: Findings suggest the project improved adherence, particularly in checklist utilization and repeat lactate testing, though sustaining adherence remains challenging. Ongoing education and reminders are needed to maintain long-term adherence.
