Implementation of an Enhanced Recovery after Cesarean Protocol to Decrease Opioid Use
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Punturiero, Marissa
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- Embargoed until 2026-05-10
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Abstract
Background: Opioids are prescribed to manage the pain of individuals who delivered via cesarean section (CS), but their use carries risks. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommends patients consume the lowest possible number of opioids. A Maryland community hospital with over 2,000 CS per year wants to reduce opioid use for CS patients. The average morphine milliequivalents (MME) used per patient per inpatient day amongst CS patients was 21.8 MMEs (n=2520) in 2022 and 21.7 MMEs (n=2081) in 2023. The average MME prescribed per CS patient prescription was 99.7 MMEs in 2022 AND 92.6 MMEs in 2023. Purpose: This project implemented an Enhanced Recovery after Cesarean protocol to 208 patients undergoing scheduled cesarean sections in a community hospital to decrease inpatient opioid use and opioid discharge prescriptions. Methods: A multidisciplinary team of professionals evaluated current Enhanced Recovery after Cesarean (ERAC) evidence and provided approval for interventions. Three order sets were adjusted and two were created based on the evidence. Approximately 50 women’s services providers were educated on the ERAC protocol at monthly staff meetings by department heads. 194 women’s services nursing staff received education via an online module and during monthly staff meetings. The initiative was implemented over 21 weeks starting September 1st, 2024. Throughout labor, delivery, and postpartum periods, providers ordered the updated order sets. Women’s services nurses ensured the continuum of care for these patients throughout their stay by implementing the evidence- based interventions through the order sets. Data collection occurred weekly via chart audits to assess average inpatient MME’s, average discharge MME’s, order set compliance, and goal compliance. Results: 208 patients underwent ERAC protocols during the project period. 69.2% (n=144) of patients received the proper order set throughout their stay. 87% (n=181) of interventions were completed by patients. The average daily morphine milliequivalents were 7 for inpatient and 60.5 per discharge prescriptions meeting the goal of less than 15 and 90, respectively. Conclusions: This project demonstrates successful implementation of an ERAC protocol for patients who undergo scheduled CS without complications and decreaseds inpatient opioid use and opioid prescriptions provided on discharge.
