Improving Emergency Department Throughput Using the Electronic Handoff Process
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Choi, Jiyun
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Abstract
Problem: A small community teaching hospital in Maryland is facing delays in emergency department (ED) throughput for adult patients admitted to the Medical Surgical (Med/Surg) unit. The average time from ED arrival to unit arrival is 512 minutes, exceeding the 300-minute goal. Additionally, the time from bed ready to unit arrival averaged 97 minutes, above the 30-minute goal. These delays arise from ED nurses needing to make repeated phone calls for handoffs, requiring both ED and unit nurses to be available. Purpose: This quality improvement project aims to decrease ED throughput time among adult patients in the Med/Surg unit by implementing the electronic Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation (SBAR) handoff process. Methods: Over 15 weeks during the Fall of 2024, the electronic handoff process was implemented following staff education. The new handoff process requires the receiving nurse to review the electronic SBAR, document completion, and request the transfer within 30 minutes, with verbal communication allowed for clarification. Results: Nurses adopted the new handoff process an average of 41% of the time with verbal clarification requested in 46.5% of those cases. The average ED arrival to unit arrival time increased to 548 minutes, while bed ready to unit arrival improved slightly to 93 minutes. Nurses reported increased awareness but faced workflow barriers. Conclusions: While ED throughput changes were limited, nurses demonstrated increased knowledge and utilization of the electronic handoff process. Furthermore, results suggest that workflow modifications and staff engagement strategies may be necessary to increase participation. Future quality improvement projects may include conducting staff surveys to assess satisfaction, gather feedback, and track other key metrics such as adverse events, and communication errors.
