Perioperative Colorectal Antibiotic Prophylaxis Protocol to Improve Compliance Among Anesthesia Providers
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Hatcher, Alexa
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Abstract
Problem & Purpose: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are the most common and costliest infections in healthcare. A rural community hospital experienced an increase in surgical site infections. The Infection Control department compiled data and found a 36% increase in surgical site infections in the first three quarters of 2023 compared to 2022. The surgical area with the highest percentage of infections was colorectal (6.15%). The purpose of this quality improvement (QI) project was to increase compliance with perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis among anesthesia providers in the colorectal surgical operating suites by measuring adherence to a perioperative antibiotic care bundle for patients undergoing colorectal surgeries, an evidence- based, research supported practice change. Methods: A perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis protocol and cognitive aid was created using the American Society of Health-Systems Pharmacists (ASHP) guidelines. All 36 anesthesia providers received via email an education presentation on the cognitive aid and the colorectal antibiotic protocol. A QR code was also sent and anesthesia staff were asked to complete a post-education survey. The cognitive aid was placed in each operating room to encourage buy-in and reminders were sent to all providers to promote compliance. Using the AHRQ Antibiotic Audit Tool, compliance data was collected, analyzed, and synthesized weekly. All colorectal surgeries, both elective and emergent, on adults 18 years of age and older were audited for compliance. A run chart was formulated and used to draw conclusions about the intervention. Results: Project implementation began on September 11th. A total of 36 anesthesia providers received the education materials via email, with three anesthesia providers (7.5%) submitting the post-education survey. A total of 46 colorectal surgical cases met inclusion criteria. Pre-implementation data included 4 surgeries and showed 75% compliance to protocol. Post-implementation data showed a mean compliance of 69% for 42 colorectal surgeries. Of the surgeries where antibiotic compliance was not met (n = 13), noncompliance was due to inadequate antibiotic administration; only one antibiotic administered. Conclusions: Colorectal antibiotic administration remains inconsistent. Antibiotic choice varied among each colorectal surgeon. Future quality improvement efforts should be aimed at streamlining antibiotic administration among these surgeons.
