Shifting the Focus: Exploring Black Women’s Perspectives on Weight-Neutral Approaches to Health
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Adams, Vashti
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Abstract
Approaches to addressing disparate rates of chronic disease among Black women often focus on weight as a central modifiable risk factor. However, with a growing body of empirical evidence challenging the narrative that weight loss is accessible and beneficial, there is a need to reimagine foundational beliefs underlying approaches to health promotion and disease prevention. Weight-neutral approaches to health, which decenter weight management as a focal point of intervention and encourage sustainable health promoting behaviors for persons across the weight spectrum, may provide a more scientifically and ethically sound foundation. However, little is known about the acceptability of such approaches among Black women. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore how Black women perceive and react to weight-neutral approaches to health, and to understand how such responses are shaped by beliefs about health and life experiences. To address this aim, I employed qualitative methods within an interpretive descriptive framework. I conducted 17 semi-structured interviews with self-identified Black women living in the greater Baltimore region and supplemented the interviews with collaborative mapping activities. Participants ranged in age from 27-77 years (Mean age = 42, SD = 12). Data were iteratively analyzed using methods consistent with constant comparative analysis. Perceptions and reactions to weight-neutral perspectives were captured in four key themes: “[Weight-neutral approaches] feel more nourishing”, “We can’t act like we don’t need a metric”, “The weight-neutral side can lead you towards success”, and “[With weight-neutral approaches], it wouldn't be kind of like a default diagnosis.” Each theme was grounded in a corresponding theme reflecting beliefs about health and life experiences. Corresponding themes included “I always go back to mental health”, “You have to take responsibility”, “I want to feel comfortable with my body and improve my overall health”, and “The care for us is not the level of care we should be getting.” Findings from this study reveal that while there are some identifiable benefits of weight-neutral approaches, there is still work to do to address the complexities of Black women's health needs and experiences.
