Improving Depression Identification and Treatment Using PHQ-2 and PHQ-9 Screening Tools
Johnson, Marion
Advisor
Date
Embargo until
Language
Book title
Journal
Publisher
Peer Reviewed
Type
Research Area
Jurisdiction
Collections
Other Titles
See at
Abstract
Problem: An outpatient behavioral health clinic in Maryland used semi-structured interviews to screen for depression, which is less sensitive and specific compared to evidence-based depression screening tools. This practice increased the likelihood of undiagnosed and untreated depression. Purpose: This quality improvement (QI) project aimed to improve the early identification and treatment of depression among adolescents and adults in a behavioral health clinic by implementing the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) PHQ -2 and PHQ-9 depression screening tools. Methods: The QI project was implemented over 15 weeks and targeted 303 new adult and adolescent patients. Eligible patients completed the PHQ-2 questionnaire at their initial visit, and those scoring two or higher were screened with the PHQ-9. If the patient scored 10 or above on the PHQ-9, the provider was alerted, evaluated the patient, and determined appropriate treatment. Results: Over the 15 weeks, 100% (n=303) of eligible patients completed depression screenings. Of those, 78.9% (n=190) scored 10 or greater on the PHQ-9, and 21.1% (n=51) who scored between five and nine were scheduled for annual depression screenings. Those who scored 10 or greater were evaluated and received treatment based on the provider’s discretion. Conclusions: Findings suggest that the PHQ-2 and PHQ-9 are feasible depression screening tools that aid in the timely diagnosis and treatment of depression. Project sustainability includes mandatory training in using the PHQ-2 and PHQ-9 screening tools for all new staff. Keywords: depression screening, Patient Health Questionnaire, PHQ-2, PHQ-9
