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    Effects of Weight Loss with and without Exercise on Regional Body Fat Distribution in Postmenopausal Women

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    Author
    Serra, M.C.
    Blumenthal, J.B.
    Addison, O.R.
    Date
    2017
    Journal
    Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism
    Publisher
    S. Karger AG
    Type
    Article
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    See at
    https://www.doi.org/10.1159/000475766
    Abstract
    FullText Background/Aims: The purpose was to determine whether lifestyle interventions have different effects on regional fat in women with normal glucose tolerance vs. impaired glucose tolerance (NGT vs. IGT). Methods: Changes in glucose metabolism (2-h oral glucose-tolerance tests), android to gynoid fat mass ratio (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry [DXA]), visceral to subcutaneous abdominal fat area ratio (CT), and abdominal to gluteal subcutaneous fat cell weight (FCW; adipose tissue biopsies) were determined in 60 overweight postmenopausal women (45-80 years) following 6 months of weight loss alone (WL; n = 28) or with aerobic exercise (AEX + WL; n = 32). Results: The interventions led to ∼8% decrease in weight, but only the AEX + WL group improved fitness (↑11% in VO2max) and reduced the android-to-gynoid fat mass ratio (↓5%; p < 0.05). Both NGT and IGT groups reduced visceral and subcutaneous abdominal fat areas and abdominal and gluteal FCWs, which related to improvements in homeostatic model assessment (r = 0.34-0.42) and 2-h glucose (r = 0.34-0.35), respectively (p < 0.05). The decline in FCW was 2× greater in women with IGT following WL (p < 0.05). The ratios of abdominal-to-gluteal FCW did not change following either intervention. Conclusions: The mechanisms by which WL with and without exercise impact regional fat loss should be explored as reductions in abdominal fat area and subcutaneous FCW appear to influence glucose metabolism. Copyright 2017 S. Karger AG, Basel.
    Sponsors
    This work was funded by the Department of Veterans Affairs Career Development Award Number IK2 RX-000944 (M.C.S.) and IK2 RX-001788-01 (O.R.A.) and Senior Research Career Scientist (A.S.R.) from the United States Department of Veterans Affairs Rehabilitation R&D (Rehab RD) Service, the National Institute on Aging grants R01-AG19310 (A.S.R.), R01-AG20116 (A.P.G.), Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center P30-AG028747, NIDDK Mid- Atlantic Nutrition Obesity Research Center (NIH P30 DK072488), GCRC of the University of Maryland, Baltimore (5M01RR016500), and Baltimore VA GRECC and Research Service.
    Keyword
    Aerobic exercise
    Body fat distribution
    Postmenopausal women
    Weight loss
    Identifier to cite or link to this item
    https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85020471953&doi=10.1159%2f000475766&partnerID=40&md5=f59011f384a8bbc641b3049ac1787870; http://hdl.handle.net/10713/9937
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1159/000475766
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