Effects of Weight Loss with and without Exercise on Regional Body Fat Distribution in Postmenopausal Women
Date
2017Journal
Annals of Nutrition and MetabolismPublisher
S. Karger AGType
Article
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FullText Background/Aims: The purpose was to determine whether lifestyle interventions have different effects on regional fat in women with normal glucose tolerance vs. impaired glucose tolerance (NGT vs. IGT). Methods: Changes in glucose metabolism (2-h oral glucose-tolerance tests), android to gynoid fat mass ratio (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry [DXA]), visceral to subcutaneous abdominal fat area ratio (CT), and abdominal to gluteal subcutaneous fat cell weight (FCW; adipose tissue biopsies) were determined in 60 overweight postmenopausal women (45-80 years) following 6 months of weight loss alone (WL; n = 28) or with aerobic exercise (AEX + WL; n = 32). Results: The interventions led to ∼8% decrease in weight, but only the AEX + WL group improved fitness (↑11% in VO2max) and reduced the android-to-gynoid fat mass ratio (↓5%; p < 0.05). Both NGT and IGT groups reduced visceral and subcutaneous abdominal fat areas and abdominal and gluteal FCWs, which related to improvements in homeostatic model assessment (r = 0.34-0.42) and 2-h glucose (r = 0.34-0.35), respectively (p < 0.05). The decline in FCW was 2× greater in women with IGT following WL (p < 0.05). The ratios of abdominal-to-gluteal FCW did not change following either intervention. Conclusions: The mechanisms by which WL with and without exercise impact regional fat loss should be explored as reductions in abdominal fat area and subcutaneous FCW appear to influence glucose metabolism. Copyright 2017 S. Karger AG, Basel.Sponsors
This work was funded by the Department of Veterans Affairs Career Development Award Number IK2 RX-000944 (M.C.S.) and IK2 RX-001788-01 (O.R.A.) and Senior Research Career Scientist (A.S.R.) from the United States Department of Veterans Affairs Rehabilitation R&D (Rehab RD) Service, the National Institute on Aging grants R01-AG19310 (A.S.R.), R01-AG20116 (A.P.G.), Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center P30-AG028747, NIDDK Mid- Atlantic Nutrition Obesity Research Center (NIH P30 DK072488), GCRC of the University of Maryland, Baltimore (5M01RR016500), and Baltimore VA GRECC and Research Service.Identifier to cite or link to this item
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85020471953&doi=10.1159%2f000475766&partnerID=40&md5=f59011f384a8bbc641b3049ac1787870; http://hdl.handle.net/10713/9937ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.1159/000475766
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