Resilience in young adults: An assessment of individual, family and community level protective factors

Abstract

Problem statement. Childhood poverty and child maltreatment are problems that affect millions of children, and often result in a range of negative sequelae. Yet, some individuals do well despite hardship. Understanding resilient survivors of child maltreatment and factors that contribute to their resilience is needed to best serve others who have been abused and neglected. Methods. Young adults (age 18-35) enrolled in college and in a Temporary Assistance to Needy Families (TANF) welfare to work job training program were surveyed on demographic, risk and protective factors, and indicators of resilience. Resilience was measured using a composite score composed of seven indicators of resilience (college and employment participation, scholastic achievement, self esteem, postponing childbearing, avoiding early drug and alcohol use, avoiding post traumatic stress disorder, and avoiding depression). Results. An internal locus of control, the presence of a familial mentor, religious involvement and a positive high school experience were all significant protective factors that contributed to resilience against child maltreatment and childhood poverty. As expected, recruitment site also significantly predicted resilience. Conclusion. An internal locus of control, the presence of a familial mentor, religious involvement and a positive high school experience are all associated with global resilience in young adults.