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    Evolutionary genomic dynamics of Peruvians before, during, and after the Inca Empire

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    Author
    Harris, D.N.
    Song, W.
    Shetty, A.C.
    Date
    2018
    Journal
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
    Publisher
    National Academy of Sciences
    Type
    Article
    
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    Show full item record
    See at
    https://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1720798115
    Abstract
    Native Americans from the Amazon, Andes, and coastal geographic regions of South America have a rich cultural heritage but are genetically understudied, therefore leading to gaps in our knowledge of their genomic architecture and demographic history. In this study, we sequence 150 genomes to high coverage combined with an additional 130 genotype array samples from Native American and mestizo populations in Peru. The majority of our samples possess greater than 90% Native American ancestry, which makes this the most extensive Native American sequencing project to date. Demographic modeling reveals that the peopling of Peru began by 12,000 y ago, consistent with the hypothesis of the rapid peopling of the Americas and Peruvian archeological data. We find that the Native American populations possess distinct ancestral divisions, whereas the mestizo groups were admixtures of multiple Native American communities that occurred before and during the Inca Empire and Spanish rule. In addition, the mestizo communities also show Spanish introgression largely following Peruvian Independence, nearly 300 y after Spain conquered Peru. Further, we estimate migration events between Peruvian populations from all three geographic regions with the majority of between-region migration moving from the high Andes to the low-altitude Amazon and coast. As such, we present a detailed model of the evolutionary dynamics which impacted the genomes of modern-day Peruvians and a Native American ancestry dataset that will serve as a beneficial resource to addressing the underrepresentation of Native American ancestry in sequencing studies.
    Keyword
    Fine-scale structure
    Gene flow
    Identity by descent
    Native American demography
    Population history
    Identifier to cite or link to this item
    https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85049612491&doi=10.1073%2fpnas.1720798115&partnerID=40&md5=56c82a0ef7e4b7d141d8950af1ee5898; http://hdl.handle.net/10713/9711
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1073/pnas.1720798115
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