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    Myeloid-specific TAK1 deletion results in reduced brain monocyte infiltration and improved outcomes after stroke

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    Author
    Chauhan, A.
    Hudobenko, J.
    Al Mamun, A.
    Date
    2018
    Journal
    Journal of Neuroinflammation
    Publisher
    BioMed Central Ltd.
    Type
    Article
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    See at
    https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12974-018-1188-3
    Abstract
    Background: Activation of transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) occurs after stroke and leads to an exacerbation of brain injury. TAK1 is involved in innate and adaptive immune responses, but it has divergent inflammatory effects that are dependent on the cell type in which it is activated. There is a robust infiltration of myeloid cells after stroke; however, the contribution of myeloid TAK1 to cerebral ischemia is currently unknown. We hypothesized that myeloid-specific deletion of TAK1 would protect against ischemic brain injury. Methods: Myeloid TAK1ΔM and wild-type (WT) mice were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo). Brain-infiltrating and splenic immune cells were evaluated at 3 days after stroke. Assessment of infarct size and behavioral deficits were performed on days 3 and 7 post-stroke. Results: Infarcts were significantly smaller in TAK1ΔM mice (p < 0.01), and behavioral deficits were less severe despite equivalent reduction in cerebral blood flow. Flow cytometry demonstrated an increase in the frequency of splenic monocytes and neutrophils (p < 0.05) and a decrease in splenic CD3+ T (p < 0.01) and CD19+ B (p = 0.06) cells in TAK1ΔM mice compared to WT at baseline. Three days after stroke, a significant increase in the number of brain-infiltrating immune cell was observed in both TAK1ΔM (p < 0.05) and WT (p < 0.001) mice compared to their respective shams. However, there was a significant decrease in the infiltrating CD45hi immune cell counts (p < 0.05), with a pronounced reduction in infiltrating monocytes (p < 0.001) in TAK1ΔM after stroke compared to WT stroke mice. Additionally, a significant reduction in CD49d+ monocytes was seen in the brains of TAK1ΔM stroke mice compared to wild-type mice. Importantly, TAK1ΔM MCAo mice had smaller infarcts and improved behavioral outcomes at day 7 post-stroke. Conclusion: Our results showed that deletion of myeloid TAK1 resulted in smaller infarcts and improved functional outcomes at the peak of inflammation (day 3) and a reduction in brain-infiltrating immune cells that were primarily monocytes. Myeloid TAK1 deletion was also protective at 7 days post MCAo, reflecting a detrimental role of myeloid TAK1 in the progression of ischemic injury. Copyright 2018 The Author(s).
    Sponsors
    This work was supported by NIH NINDS R21 NSO88969
    Keyword
    Inflammation
    Ischemic stroke
    Monocytes
    Neutrophils
    TAK1
    Identifier to cite or link to this item
    https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85047102484&doi=10.1186%2fs12974-018-1188-3&partnerID=40&md5=2643fb95b6b245383c6ef2b02037cbad; http://hdl.handle.net/10713/9241
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1186/s12974-018-1188-3
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