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    No evidence for airborne transmission of Toxoplasma gondii in a very high prevalence area in Lancaster County

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    Author
    Postolache, T.T.
    Wadhawan, A.
    Dagdag, A.
    Date
    2018
    Journal
    Pteridines
    Publisher
    De Gruyter
    Type
    Article
    
    Metadata
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    See at
    https://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pteridines-2018-0015
    Abstract
    Background: Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) has been associated with acute food-borne illness, chronic low-grade inflammation, neuropsychiatric conditions and reactivation of chronic latent infection in immunocompetent hosts. Primary infection with T. gondii in pregnant women can lead to congenital toxoplasmosis. In addition to well-known oral tissue-cyst or oocyst ingestion, we hypothesized that the very high prevalence of T. gondii in certain populations exposed to agricultural dust could be, in part, a consequence of airborne infection with oocysts. Methods: We collected environmental dust samples from an area with a reportedly high T. gondii seroprevalence in the Old Order Amish population, in Lancaster, Pennsylvania. Samples included: a) air filters from air-conditioning units; b) swabs of settled dust; and c) vacuum filters containing airborne field dust. Pools of the swabs and shredded sub-samples of the air filters were fed to pigs, with inoculation into mice of heart tissue from seroconverted pigs. We also investigated the presence of T. gondii DNA using PCR amplification. Results: Only one pig seroconverted. However, bioassay of pig heart tissue further inoculated into mice showed no evidence of T. gondii infection. Consistently, no evidence of T. gondii DNA was revealed in any sample. Conclusions: No evidence of airborne transmission was found in the environmental samples that were examined. Copyright 2019 Teodor T. Postolache, et al., published by Sciendo 2019.
    Sponsors
    This work was supported by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration through the cooperative agreement FDU.001418 (TTP). Additional funding for this study was provided by the Mid-Atlantic Nutrition Obesity Research Center (NORC) Pilot & Feasibility Project (Postolache, PI), a sub-award of the parent grant P30DK072488 (Simeon I. Taylor, Program Director).
    Keyword
    air filters
    airborne transmission
    dust
    Toxoplasma gondii
    Identifier to cite or link to this item
    https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85059935921&doi=10.1515%2fpteridines-2018-0015&partnerID=40&md5=6b29c3bf4d61fc46b23e118892484d16; http://hdl.handle.net/10713/9203
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1515/pteridines-2018-0015
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