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    Traumatic brain injury and firearm use and risk of progressive supranuclear palsy among veterans

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    Author
    Kelley, K.D.
    Checkoway, H.
    Hall, D.A.
    Date
    2018
    Journal
    Frontiers in Neurology
    Publisher
    Frontiers Media S.A.
    Type
    Article
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    See at
    https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2018.00474
    Abstract
    Background: Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a tauopathy that has a multifactorial etiology. Numerous studies that have investigated lead exposure and traumatic brain injury (TBI) as risk factors for other tauopathies, such as Alzheimer's disease, but not for PSP. Objective: We sought to investigate the role of firearm usage, as a possible indicator of lead exposure, and TBI as risk factors for PSP in a population of military veterans. Methods: We included participants from a larger case-control study who reported previous military service. Our sample included 67 PSP cases and 68 controls. Participants were administered a questionnaire to characterize firearm use in the military and occurrence of TBI. Results: Cases were significantly less educated than controls. In unadjusted analyses, the proportion of PSP cases (80.6%) and controls (64.7%) who reported use of firearms as part of their military job was positively associated with PSP, odds ratio (OR) 2.2 (95% CI: 1-5.0). There were no significant case-control differences in mean service duration. There was only a weak association with history of TBI, OR 1.6 (95% CI: 0.8-3.4). In multivariate models, firearm usage (OR 3.7, 95% CI: 1.5, 9.8) remained significantly associated with PSP. Conclusions: Our findings show a positive association between firearm usage and PSP and an inverse association between education and PSP. The former suggests a possible etiologic role of lead. Further studies are needed to confirm the potential etiologic effects of metals on PSP. Copyright 2018 Kelley, Checkoway, Hall, Reich, Cunningham and Litvan.
    Sponsors
    This study was funded by National Institute of Aging 5R01AG024040. Additionally, the project described was partially supported by the National Institutes of Health, Grant TL1TR001443 of CTSA, NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, the National Multiple Sclerosis Society, the Parkinson Foundation, the Shapiro Foundation, Pfizer, Neurocrine and NIH-NINDS/ORDR-NCATS.
    Keyword
    Case-control study
    Firearms
    Military
    PSP
    Traumatic brain injury
    Identifier to cite or link to this item
    https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85048818329&doi=10.3389%2ffneur.2018.00474&partnerID=40&md5=a3521d6ca643a0d24414afd1a20a55df; http://hdl.handle.net/10713/9154
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.3389/fneur.2018.00474
    Scopus Count
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