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    Time and frequency dependent changes in resting state EEG functional connectivity following lipopolysaccharide challenge in rats

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    Author
    Albrecht, M.A.
    Vaughn, C.N.
    Erickson, M.A.
    Date
    2018
    Journal
    PloS one
    Publisher
    Public Library of Science
    Type
    Article
    
    Metadata
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    See at
    https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0206985
    Abstract
    Research has shown that inflammatory processes affect brain function and behavior through several neuroimmune pathways. However, high order brain functions affected by inflammation largely remain to be defined. Resting state functional connectivity of synchronized oscillatory activity is a valid approach to understand network processing and high order brain function under different experimental conditions. In the present study multi-electrode EEG recording in awake, freely moving rats was used to study resting state connectivity after administration of lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Male Wistar rats were implanted with 10 cortical surface electrodes and administered with LPS (2 mg/kg) and monitored for symptoms of sickness at 3, 6 and 24 h. Resting state connectivity and power were computed at baseline, 6 and 24 h. Three prominent connectivity bands were identified using a method resistant to spurious correlation: alpha (5-15 Hz), beta-gamma (20-80 Hz), and high frequency oscillation (150-200 Hz). The most prominent connectivity band, alpha, was strongly reduced 6 h after LPS administration, and returned to baseline at 24 h. Beta-gamma connectivity was also reduced at 6 h and remained reduced at 24 h. Interestingly, high frequency oscillation connectivity remained unchanged at 6 h and was impaired 24 h after LPS challenge. Expected elevations in delta and theta power were observed at 6 h after LPS administration, when behavioral symptoms of sickness were maximal. Notably, gamma and high frequency power were reduced 6 h after LPS and returned to baseline by 24 h, when the effects on connectivity were more evident. Finally, increases in cross-frequency coupling elicited by LPS were detected at 6 h for theta-gamma and at 24 h for theta-high frequency oscillations. These studies show that LPS challenge profoundly affects EEG connectivity across all identified bands in a time-dependent manner indicating that inflammatory processes disrupt both bottom-up and top-down communication across the cortex during the peak and resolution of inflammation.
    Keyword
    resting state connectivity
    Brain
    Inflammation
    Electroencephalography
    Lipopolysaccharides
    Rats
    Identifier to cite or link to this item
    https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85056324663&doi=10.1371%2fjournal.pone.0206985&partnerID=40&md5=0f44cafe9e072a581b2e1095593398ea; http://hdl.handle.net/10713/9113
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1371/journal.pone.0206985
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