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    Infection Rates and Risk Factors for Infection among Health Workers during Ebola and Marburg Virus Outbreaks: A Systematic Review

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    Author
    Selvaraj, S.A.
    Lee, K.E.
    Harrell, M.
    Date
    2018
    Journal
    Journal of Infectious Diseases
    Publisher
    Oxford University Press
    Type
    Conference Paper
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    See at
    https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiy435
    Abstract
    Infection in health workers (HWs) has characterized outbreaks of Ebola virus disease (EVD) and Marburg virus disease (MVD). We conducted a systematic review to investigate infection and mortality rates and common exposure risks in HWs in EVD and MVD outbreaks. Methods. We searched the EMBASE and PubMed databases to identify articles posted before 27 December 2017, with no language restrictions. Data on the number, frequency, and mortality of HW infection and exposure risks were extracted. Results. Ninety-four articles related to 22 outbreaks were included. HW infections composed 2%-100% of cases in EVD and 5%-50% of cases in MVD outbreaks. Among exposed HWs, 0.6%-92% developed EVD, and 1%-10% developed MVD. HW infection rates were consistent through outbreaks. The most common exposure risk situations were inadequate personal protective equipment and exposure to patients with unrecognized EVD/MVD. Similar risks were reported in past EVD/MVD outbreaks and in the recent outbreak in West Africa. Conclusions. Many outbreaks reported high proportions of infected HWs. Similar HW infection rates and exposure risk factors in both past and recent EVD and MVD outbreaks emphasize the need to improve the implementation of appropriate infection control measures consistently across all healthcare settings. Copyright 2018. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America.
    Sponsors
    Financial support. This work was supported by the World Health Organization. Potential conflicts of interest. All authors: No reported conflicts.
    Keyword
    Ebola virus disease
    healthcare workers
    infection prevention and control
    Marburg virus disease
    occupational health.
    Identifier to cite or link to this item
    https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85057181477&doi=10.1093%2finfdis%2fjiy435&partnerID=40&md5=6c105c4c4eb7c320d742797cf8850a49; http://hdl.handle.net/10713/9050
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1093/infdis/jiy435
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