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    NK cell expression of Tim-3: First impressions matter

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    Author
    So, E.C.
    Khaladj-Ghom, A.
    Ji, Y.
    Date
    2019
    Journal
    Immunobiology
    Publisher
    Elsevier GmbH
    Type
    Article
    
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    See at
    https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.imbio.2019.03.001
    Abstract
    Given the heightened interest in manipulation of co-signaling cascades for cancer immunotherapy, we sought to determine how/whether tumors decorated with therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) impact the expression of co-signaling molecules on human NK cells. Stimulation of NK cells with aggregated IgG1 resulted in the upregulation of HAVCR2 - the gene encoding T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-containing domain (Tim)-3 - known to be involved in the induction of peripheral T cell tolerance. This upregulation of HAVCR2 was recapitulated at the protein level, following NK cell stimulation by either mAb opsonized tumors, recombinant human IgG1 Fc multimer, and/or non-Fc stimuli e.g. IL-12/IL-18. The patterns of Tim-3 expression were temporally distinct from the FcR mediated induction of the co-signaling molecule, 4-1BB (CD137), with Tim-3 increases observed twenty minutes following exposure to Fc multimers and remaining at high levels for at least six hours, while increases in CD137 expression were first observed at the four-hour time point. Importantly, these Tim-3+ NK cells were functionally diverse, as evidenced by the fact that their ability to produce IFN-γ in response to an NK cell responsive tumor was strictly dependent upon the stimuli employed for Tim-3 induction. These data suggest that Tim-3 upregulation is the common end-result of NK cell activation by a variety of unique and overlapping stimuli and is not an independent marker of NK cell exhaustion. Furthermore, our observations potentially explain the diverse functionality attributed to Tim-3+ NK cells and should be considered prior to use of anti-Tim-3 inhibitory mAbs for cancer immunotherapy. © 2019 The Authors
    Sponsors
    Dr. Strome is a Cofounder, consultant and stockholder in Gliknik Inc., a biotechnology company. He receives royalties for intellectual property, related to B7-H1 (PD-L1), licensed by the Mayo Clinic College of Medicine to third parties. He receives research support from Pfizer and Gliknik through sponsored research agreements through the University of Maryland, Baltimore. He serves on the scientific advisory board of Virion Inc. and has also served on Advisory Boards to Astra Zeneca and Genentech.
    Keyword
    Antibody stimulation
    CD137
    Fc multimers
    Fc receptors
    Natural killer cells
    Tim-3
    Identifier to cite or link to this item
    https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85062614552&doi=10.1016%2fj.imbio.2019.03.001&partnerID=40&md5=9375047a9b12e1068ef501eee03ecf69; http://hdl.handle.net/10713/8688
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1016/j.imbio.2019.03.001
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