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    Bidirectional Effects of Sleep and Sedentary Behavior Among Toddlers: A Dynamic Multilevel Modeling Approach

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    Author
    Armstrong, B.
    Covington, L.B.
    Unick, G.J.
    Date
    2019
    Journal
    Journal of pediatric psychology
    Publisher
    Oxford Academic
    Type
    Article
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    See at
    https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsy089
    Abstract
    OBJECTIVE: To examine the bidirectional effects of objectively measured nighttime sleep and sedentary activity among toddlers. METHOD: Actical accelerometer data were analyzed for 195 toddlers participating in an obesity prevention trial (mean age = 27 months). Toddlers wore the accelerometers for up to 7 consecutive days. Nighttime sleep was defined as the number of minutes asleep between the hours of 8 pm and 8 am the following morning. Sedentary behavior (in minutes) was defined using previously established Actical cut points for toddlers. Variables were lagged and parsed into latent within- and between-person components, using dynamic structural equation modeling (DSEM). RESULTS: Toddlers spent an average of 172 min (∼3 hr) in sedentary activity and slept an average of 460 min (∼8 hr) per night. An autoregressive cross-lagged multilevel model revealed significant autoregression for both sleep and sedentary activity. Cross-lagged values revealed that decreased sleep predicted increased next-day sedentary activity, and sedentary activity predicted that night’s sleep. For 89% of the sample, the within-person standardized cross-lagged effects of sleep on sedentary were larger than the cross-lagged effects of sedentary on sleep. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that, on average, nighttime sleep is a stronger predictor of subsequent sedentary behavior (compared with the reverse), and this is the case for the majority of toddlers. Findings highlight the importance of interindividual associations between sleep and sedentary activity. The present study is an example of how DSEM methods can be used to ask questions about Granger-causal cross-lagged relations between variables, both within and between individuals. Copyright The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society of Pediatric Psychology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.
    Keyword
    research design and methods
    sleep
    statistical applications
    Identifier to cite or link to this item
    https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85062850797&doi=10.1093%2fjpepsy%2fjsy089&partnerID=40&md5=b0e41043746f18e470c680014f1d3651; http://hdl.handle.net/10713/8558
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1093/jpepsy/jsy089
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