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    Bursting at the seams: Molecular mechanisms mediating astrocyte swelling

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    Author
    Lafrenaye, A.D.
    Simard, J.M.
    Date
    2019
    Journal
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences
    Publisher
    MDPI AG
    Type
    Review
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    See at
    https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20020330
    Abstract
    Brain swelling is one of the most robust predictors of outcome following brain injury, including ischemic, traumatic, hemorrhagic, metabolic or other injury. Depending on the specific type of insult, brain swelling can arise from the combined space-occupying effects of extravasated blood, extracellular edema fluid, cellular swelling, vascular engorgement and hydrocephalus. Of these, arguably the least well appreciated is cellular swelling. Here, we explore current knowledge regarding swelling of astrocytes, the most abundant cell type in the brain, and the one most likely to contribute to pathological brain swelling. We review the major molecular mechanisms identified to date that contribute to or mitigate astrocyte swelling via ion transport, and we touch upon the implications of astrocyte swelling in health and disease. © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
    Sponsors
    A.D.L. is supported by a grant from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) (R01NS096143). J.M.S. is supported by grants from the Department of Veterans Affairs (I01BX002889), the Department of Defense (SCI170199), the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (R01HL082517) and the NINDS (R01NS060801; R01NS102589; R01NS105633).
    Keyword
    Aquaporin
    Astrocyte
    Gap junction channels
    Kir4.1
    Na + /K + -ATPase
    NKCC
    SUR1-TRPM4
    Swelling
    TRPV4
    VRAC
    Identifier to cite or link to this item
    https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85060145555&doi=10.3390%2fijms20020330&partnerID=40&md5=87c37a4ef58353c76fdf1485f2efb22a; http://hdl.handle.net/10713/8537
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.3390/ijms20020330
    Scopus Count
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