Critical Incident Response Via an EAP Lens: Literature Review

Abstract

This paper reviews the literature in critical incident response (CIR) as it intersects with the employee assistance field (EAP). A review of basic terminology is presented as well as various critical incident response models and pivotal research initiatives regarding the effectiveness of crisis intervention. A specific study illuminates the lack of evidence-based research of the effect on the organization arising from traumatic incidents. Then a brief discussion is offered about the current needs for collaboration of professionals around uniformity of definitions and interventions as well as further efforts to develop rigorous measures that will establish the effectiveness and efficiency of these interventions. Finally a series of next steps are enumerated for consideration to stimulate further thoughtful discussion, particularly as to how CIR relates to the EAP field.