• Login
    View Item 
    •   UMB Digital Archive
    • School, Graduate
    • Theses and Dissertations All Schools
    • View Item
    •   UMB Digital Archive
    • School, Graduate
    • Theses and Dissertations All Schools
    • View Item
    JavaScript is disabled for your browser. Some features of this site may not work without it.

    Browse

    All of UMB Digital ArchiveCommunitiesPublication DateAuthorsTitlesSubjectsThis CollectionPublication DateAuthorsTitlesSubjects

    My Account

    LoginRegister

    Statistics

    Display statistics

    The Role of Palatal Sensation during Sucking and Pharyngeal Swallowing in the Infant Pig

    • CSV
    • RefMan
    • EndNote
    • BibTex
    • RefWorks
    Thumbnail
    Name:
    Holman_umaryland_0373D_10414.pdf
    Size:
    2.505Mb
    Format:
    PDF
    Download
    Author
    Holman, Shaina Devi
    Advisor
    German, Rebecca Z.
    Date
    2013
    Type
    dissertation
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    Abstract
    Swallowing dysfunction in infants can be caused by differences in craniofacial anatomy, neurological disorders or prematurity. These conditions result in difficulty initiating pharyngeal swallow cycles and/or a lack of airway protection during the swallow that can result in aspiration. In order to provide swallowing rehabilitation for these infants, we need to know more about the sensory and motor interactions that occur during the normal infant swallow. The overall aim of this dissertation was to understand how reducing palatal sensation would affect the oral and pharyngeal phase of the swallow. We hypothesized that after a palatal injection of local anesthesia both phases would show significant changes in movements of the tongue, hyoid and epiglottis that may result in less airway protection during the pharyngeal swallow. We also hypothesized we would observe changes in muscle activity to explain the mechanism of the altered kinematics. We used an infant pig model of mammalian feeding to test these hypotheses. Electromyographic (EMG) electrodes were implanted into several hyoid and pharyngeal muscles. We fed the pigs while simultaneously recording EMG and lateral videofluoroscopy captured at 60 frames per second. We evaluated these recordings during feeding sessions with no treatments and compared them to feeding sessions following a palatal anesthesia (0.5% bupivacaine hydrochloride) or saline injection. In order to evaluate airway protection before and after the treatments, we developed the infant mammalian penetration-aspiration scale (IMPAS). A novel method was developed to test local anesthesia duration in infants that proved bupivacaine hydrochloride lasted at least one hour after injection before the return of oral reflexes. Using these methods, we demonstrated that reducing palatal sensation has profound effects on frequency, kinematics and motor function during the oral and pharyngeal swallow. Preliminary data suggests that the infant pharyngeal swallow may also be capable of motor learning. These studies demonstrate an important role for trigeminal sensation in the normal initiation and coordination of the sucking and swallowing CPGs in the brainstem. Future studies are needed to determine if manipulating oral sensory receptors can lead to novel dysphagia rehabilitation strategies in human patients.
    Description
    University of Maryland, Baltimore. Biomedical Science. Ph.D. 2013
    Keyword
    dysphagia
    pig
    swallowing
    Anesthesia, Local
    Palate
    Sucking Behavior
    Swine
    Identifier to cite or link to this item
    http://hdl.handle.net/10713/2803
    Collections
    Theses and Dissertations All Schools

    entitlement

     
    DSpace software (copyright © 2002 - 2023)  DuraSpace
    Quick Guide | Policies | Contact Us | UMB Health Sciences & Human Services Library
    Open Repository is a service operated by 
    Atmire NV
     

    Export search results

    The export option will allow you to export the current search results of the entered query to a file. Different formats are available for download. To export the items, click on the button corresponding with the preferred download format.

    By default, clicking on the export buttons will result in a download of the allowed maximum amount of items.

    To select a subset of the search results, click "Selective Export" button and make a selection of the items you want to export. The amount of items that can be exported at once is similarly restricted as the full export.

    After making a selection, click one of the export format buttons. The amount of items that will be exported is indicated in the bubble next to export format.