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Using a Standardized Pain Management Approach Through Regional Anesthesia for Major Limb Amputation Patients
Abstract
Problem: The Vascular Surgery department at a large academic institution lacked a formalized approach to manage complex pain experienced by patients undergoing major limb amputation (MLA). Consequently, MLA patients averaged 2,352.2 total morphine milliequivalent (MME) and had prolonged hospitalizations averaging 21 days. Purpose: This quality improvement (QI) project is to create a formalized clinical approach for the provider to effectively manage the MLA patient’s pain. This approach ensures the application of evidence-based regional anesthesia (RA) for all eligible MLA patients. Methods: The 22 providers managing MLA patients assessed a numeric pain score (NPS) at time of MLA consent. Patients reporting an NPS of four or higher were triaged into the RA section of this process where the provider requested RA application by the pain team. These clinicians completed an embedded MLA checklist in the daily progress note to ensure process completion. Utilizing a QR code, the providers submitted identified barriers for implementation via a survey. The lead performed chart audits assessing total MME, NPS, and length of stay (LOS). Results: Vascular surgeons performed 11 MLAs, with 73% completion of the provider survey and 64% compliance with the checklist. Of the MLA patients, 64% reported NPS of four or higher, 57% of which successfully received RA. The average NPS scores on post-operative day one improved from an average of 4.7 (pre-operative) to 3.2 on post-operative day one. However, the average NPS elevated to a score of five by discharge. These 11 MLA patients averaged a 28.4-day LOS and experienced a significant reduction (approximately 65%) in total MME from pre-implementation requiring an average of 842.5 MME for their hospitalization. Conclusions: While the new approach did not show improvement in LOS or NPS, there was a substantial reduction in total MME required by these patients. This formalized framework aids the effective management of the MLA patient’s pain. For sustainability, improved education and sedation training of the advanced practice providers will allow for bedside RA application. There is a marked need to develop a formalized transition from RA to oral pain regimen prior to discharge to provide adequate coverage long-term.Keyword
Pain ManagementAnesthesia, Conduction
Amputation, Surgical
Opioid-Related Disorders
Length of Stay
Pain, Postoperative
Identifier to cite or link to this item
http://hdl.handle.net/10713/22806Collections
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