Date
2022-07-29Journal
Frontiers in ImmunologyPublisher
FrontiersType
Article
Metadata
Show full item recordAbstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a heterogeneous inflammatory condition associated with high morbidity and mortality. Neutrophils play a key role in the development of different forms of ALI, and the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) is emerging as a common pathogenic mechanism. NETs are essential in controlling pathogens, and their defective release or increased degradation leads to a higher risk of infection. However, NETs also contain several pro-inflammatory and cytotoxic molecules than can exacerbate thromboinflammation and lung tissue injury. To reduce NET-mediated lung damage and inflammation, DNase is frequently used in preclinical models of ALI due to its capability of digesting NET DNA scaffold. Moreover, recent advances in neutrophil biology led to the development of selective NET inhibitors, which also appear to reduce ALI in experimental models. Here we provide an overview of the role of NETs in different forms of ALI discussing existing gaps in our knowledge and novel therapeutic approaches to modulate their impact on lung injury.Sponsors
National Institutes of HealthKeyword
ALI (acute lung injury)ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome)
COVID-19
DAMPs (damage-associated molecular patterns)
infections and sepsis
NETs (neutrophil extracellular traps)
sterile inflammatory response
Thromboinflammation
Identifier to cite or link to this item
http://hdl.handle.net/10713/19646ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.3389/fimmu.2022.953195