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    Human Plasma Significantly Reduces Bacteriophage Infectivity Against Staphylococcus aureus Clinical Isolates.

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    Author
    Shinde, Prajakta
    Stamatos, Nicholas
    Doub, James B
    Date
    2022-04-03
    Journal
    Cureus
    Publisher
    Cureus, Inc.
    Type
    Article
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    See at
    https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.23777
    Abstract
    Bacteriophage therapy has been regaining interest as a potential therapeutic in treating a wide range of infections. However, there is a paucity of knowledge regarding numerous aspects of bacteriophage therapy, thereby hindering the development of proper treatment protocols and effective clinical trials. In this report, the activities of three bacteriophages are evaluated against clinical bacterial isolates in the presence and absence of human plasma (HP). The bacteriophages used in this experiment were residual therapeutic doses from the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved compassionate use cases to treat recalcitrant prosthetic joint infections (PJIs). Herein we demonstrate that in the presence of HP, the infectivity of these Staphylococcal bacteriophages was significantly reduced compared to the infectivity in the absence of HP. Inhibition of infectivity ranged from 48% to 81% for two methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) clinical isolates independently infected with the same bacteriophage and 98% for a third MRSA clinical isolate infected with a different bacteriophage. In contrast, bacteriophage infectivity of an Enterococcus faecalis clinical isolate was not affected by the presence of HP. We hypothesize that the inhibition is correlated with plasma proteins binding to Staphylococcal surface proteins masking the receptors associated with bacteriophage attachment, thereby reducing infectivity. This has clinical ramifications for bacteriophage therapy use in treating Staphylococcal bacteremia and periprosthetic joint infections.
    Rights/Terms
    Copyright © 2022, Shinde et al.
    Keyword
    bacteremia
    bacteriophage therapy
    periprosthetic joint infection
    plasma proteins
    staphylococcus aureus
    Identifier to cite or link to this item
    http://hdl.handle.net/10713/18801
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.7759/cureus.23777
    Scopus Count
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