Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Neutralizing Antibodies at Birth Predict Protection from RSV Illness in Infants in the First 3 Months of Life.
Author
Buchwald, Andrea GGraham, Barney S
Traore, Awa
Haidara, Fadima Cheick
Chen, Man
Morabito, Kaitlyn
Lin, Bob C
Sow, Samba O
Levine, Myron M
Pasetti, Marcela F
Tapia, Milagritos D
Date
2021-12-06Journal
Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of AmericaPublisher
Oxford University PressType
Article
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BACKGROUND: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of viral pneumonia and bronchiolitis during the first 6 months of life. Placentally transferred antibodies can prevent severe RSV illness, and maternal immunization may reduce illness in young infants. Identification of protective antibody levels facilitates the advancement of vaccine candidates and maternal immunization. METHODS: We conducted a nested case-control study with 587 Malian mother-infant pairs, followed from birth to age 6 months. RSV cases were infants who developed influenza-like illness (ILI) or pneumonia and were RSV-positive by polymerase chain reaction. Cases were matched to healthy controls and RSV-negative ILI controls. RSV-A and RSV-B neutralizing antibodies were measured in maternal, cord blood, and infant sera at age 3 and 6 months. RESULTS: Maternal antibodies were efficiently transferred to infants. Maternal and infant RSV titers were strongly correlated. Infant antibody titers against RSV-A were 3 times higher than those against RSV-B. At birth, infants who remained healthy had significantly higher RSV-A and RSV-B titers compared with infants who subsequently contracted RSV. RSV-A inhibitory concentration (IC)80 titer >239 or RSV-B titer >60 at birth was significantly associated with being a healthy control compared with an RSV case within the first 3 months of life. RSV-A IC80 titers in cord blood were associated with decreased episodes of pneumonia. CONCLUSIONS: Maternally acquired RSV antibodies were associated with protection of infants against community-detected cases of RSV-ILI and pneumonia. RSV titers in cord blood can predict whether an infant will be infected with RSV or remain uninfected.Rights/Terms
© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America.Identifier to cite or link to this item
http://hdl.handle.net/10713/17525ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.1093/cid/ciaa648
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