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    The subunits of IL-12, originating from two distinct cells, can functionally synergize to protect against pathogen dissemination in vivo

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    Author
    Gerber, Allison N
    Abdi, Kaveh
    Singh, Nevil J
    Date
    2021-10-12
    Journal
    Cell Reports
    Publisher
    Elsevier Inc.
    Type
    Article
    
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    See at
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109816
    Abstract
    Cytokines are typically single gene products, except for the heterodimeric interleukin (IL)-12 family. The two subunits (IL-12p40 and IL-12p35) of the prototype IL-12 are known to be simultaneously co-expressed in activated myeloid cells, which secrete the fully active heterodimer to promote interferon (IFN)γ production in innate and adaptive cells. We find that chimeric mice containing mixtures of cells that can only express either IL-12p40 or IL-12p35, but not both together, generate functional IL-12. This alternate two-cell pathway requires IL-12p40 from hematopoietic cells to extracellularly associate with IL-12p35 from radiation-resistant cells. The two-cell mechanism is sufficient to propel local T cell differentiation in sites distal to the initial infection and helps control systemic dissemination of a pathogen, although not parasite burden, at the site of infection. Broadly, this suggests that early secretion of IL-12p40 monomers by sentinel cells at the infection site may help prepare distal host tissues for potential pathogen arrival.
    Rights/Terms
    Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
    Keyword
    Cytokine
    Cytokine signaling
    Dendritic cell activation
    Host Defense
    IL-12
    Leishmania
    Pathogen trafficking
    T cell differentiation
    T cells
    Tissue Immunity
    Identifier to cite or link to this item
    http://hdl.handle.net/10713/17008
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109816
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