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    A guide for authors and readers of the American Society for Nutrition Journals on the proper use of P values and strategies that promote transparency and improve research reproducibility

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    Author
    Sorkin, John D
    Manary, Mark
    Smeets, Paul A M
    MacFarlane, Amanda J
    Astrup, Arne
    Prigeon, Ronald L
    Hogans, Beth B
    Odle, Jack
    Davis, Teresa A
    Tucker, Katherine L
    Duggan, Christopher P
    Tobias, Deirdre K
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    Date
    2021-07-13
    Journal
    American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
    Publisher
    Oxford University Press
    Type
    Article
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    See at
    https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqab223
    Abstract
    Two questions regarding the scientific literature have become grist for public discussion: 1) what place should P values have in reporting the results of studies? 2) How should the perceived difficulty in replicating the results reported in published studies be addressed? We consider these questions to be 2 sides of the same coin; failing to address them can lead to an incomplete or incorrect message being sent to the reader. If P values (which are derived from the estimate of the effect size and a measure of the precision of the estimate of the effect) are used improperly, for example reporting only significant findings, or reporting P values without account for multiple comparisons, or failing to indicate the number of tests performed, the scientific record can be biased. Moreover, if there is a lack of transparency in the conduct of a study and reporting of study results, it will not be possible to repeat a study in a manner that allows inferences from the original study to be reproduced or to design and conduct a different experiment whose aim is to confirm the original study's findings. The goal of this article is to discuss how P values can be used in a manner that is consistent with the scientific method, and to increase transparency and reproducibility in the conduct and analysis of nutrition research.
    Rights/Terms
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Society for Nutrition 2021.
    Keyword
    P value
    reliability
    reproducibility
    strategies
    transparency
    Identifier to cite or link to this item
    http://hdl.handle.net/10713/16945
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1093/ajcn/nqab223
    Scopus Count
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