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    Characteristic Microbiomes Correlate with Polyphosphate Accumulation of Marine Sponges in South China Sea Areas

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    Author
    Ou, Huilong
    Li, Mingyu
    Wu, Shufei
    Jia, Linli
    Hill, Russell T
    Zhao, Jing
    Date
    2019-12-30
    Journal
    Microorganisms
    Publisher
    MDPI AG
    Type
    Article
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    See at
    https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8010063
    https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9091826
    Abstract
    Some sponges have been shown to accumulate abundant phosphorus in the form of polyphosphate (polyP) granules even in waters where phosphorus is present at low concentrations. But the polyP accumulation occurring in sponges and their symbiotic bacteria have been little studied. The amounts of polyP exhibited significant differences in twelve sponges from marine environments with high or low dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) concentrations which were quantified by spectral analysis, even though in the same sponge genus, e.g., Mycale sp. or Callyspongia sp. PolyP enrichment rates of sponges in oligotrophic environments were far higher than those in eutrophic environments. Massive polyP granules were observed under confocal microscopy in samples from very low DIP environments. The composition of sponge symbiotic microbes was analyzed by high-throughput sequencing and the corresponding polyphosphate kinase (ppk) genes were detected. Sequence analysis revealed that in the low DIP environment, those sponges with higher polyP content and enrichment rates had relatively higher abundances of cyanobacteria. Mantel tests and canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) examined that the polyP enrichment rate was most strongly correlated with the structure of microbial communities, including genera Synechococcus, Rhodopirellula, Blastopirellula, and Rubripirellula. About 50% of ppk genes obtained from the total DNA of sponge holobionts, had above 80% amino acid sequence similarities to those sequences from Synechococcus. In general, it suggested that sponges employed differentiated strategies towards the use of phosphorus in different nutrient environments and the symbiotic Synechococcus could play a key role in accumulating polyP.
    Description
    Correction (https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9091826): There is a mistake in a unit of DIP in Surrounding Sea Water provided in Table 1. The unit of DIP in Surrounding Sea Water listed in the original version of the article was “mM”. The correct version should be as follows: The correct unit of DIP in Surrounding Sea Water in Table 1 is “µM”.
    Keyword
    microbiomes
    polyphosphate
    ppk gene
    sponge
    Identifier to cite or link to this item
    http://hdl.handle.net/10713/16752
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.3390/microorganisms8010063
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