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    Anti-SARS-CoV-2 immune responses in patients receiving an allogeneic stem cell or organ transplant

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    Author
    Atanackovic, Djordje
    Luetkens, Tim
    Avila, Stephanie V.
    Hardy, Nancy M.
    Lutfi, Forat
    Sanchez-Petitto, Gabriela
    Mause, Erica Vander
    Glynn, Nicole
    Mannuel, Heather D.
    Alkhaldi, Hanan
    Hankey, Kim
    Baddley, John
    Dahiya, Saurabh
    Rapoport, Aaron P.
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    Date
    2021-07-03
    Journal
    Vaccines
    Publisher
    MDPI AG
    Type
    Article
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    See at
    https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9070737
    Abstract
    Patients after autologous (autoSCT) and allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) are at an increased risk of COVID-19-related morbidity and mortality, compounded by an immune system weakened by the underlying malignancy and prior treatments. Allogeneic transplantation, including stem cell and solid organ transplants, requires intensive immunosuppressive prophylaxis, which may further undermine the development of a protective vaccine-induced anti-viral immunity. Herein, we report on short- and long-term antiviral immune responses in two peri-stem cell transplant recipients and a third patient who received a COVID-19 vaccination after kidney transplantation. Our data indicate that: (1) patients post-alloSCT may be able to mount an anti-COVID-19 immune response; however, a sufficient time interval between transplant and exposure may be of critical importance; (2) alloSCT recipients with preexisting anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunity are at risk for losing protective humoral immunity following transplantation, particularly if the stem-cell donor lacks antiviral immunity, e.g., vaccine-derived immunity; and (3) some post-transplant patients are completely unable to build an immune response to a COVID-19 vaccine, perhaps based on the prophylactic suppression of T cell immunity.
    Keyword
    Allogeneic stem cell transplant
    Antibody responses
    COVID-19
    Immunology
    Immunotherapy
    SARS-CoV-2
    T cells
    Vaccine
    Identifier to cite or link to this item
    http://hdl.handle.net/10713/16278
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.3390/vaccines9070737
    Scopus Count
    Collections
    UMB Coronavirus Publications
    UMB Open Access Articles

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