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    Non-motor phenotypic subgroups in adult-onset idiopathic, isolated, focal cervical dystonia

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    Author
    Wadon, Megan E
    Bailey, Grace A
    Yilmaz, Zehra
    Hubbard, Emily
    AlSaeed, Meshari
    Robinson, Amy
    McLauchlan, Duncan
    Barbano, Richard L
    Marsh, Laura
    Factor, Stewart A
    Fox, Susan H
    Adler, Charles H
    Rodriguez, Ramon L
    Comella, Cynthia L
    Reich, Stephen G
    Severt, William L
    Goetz, Christopher G
    Perlmutter, Joel S
    Jinnah, Hyder A
    Harding, Katharine E
    Sandor, Cynthia
    Peall, Kathryn J
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    Date
    2021-07-21
    Journal
    Brain and Behavior
    Publisher
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Type
    Article
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    See at
    https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.2292
    Abstract
    Background: Non-motor symptoms are well established phenotypic components of adult-onset idiopathic, isolated, focal cervical dystonia (AOIFCD). However, improved understanding of their clinical heterogeneity is needed to better target therapeutic intervention. Here, we examine non-motor phenotypic features to identify possible AOIFCD subgroups. Methods: Participants diagnosed with AOIFCD were recruited via specialist neurology clinics (dystonia wales: n = 114, dystonia coalition: n = 183). Non-motor assessment included psychiatric symptoms, pain, sleep disturbance, and quality of life, assessed using self-completed questionnaires or face-to-face assessment. Both cohorts were analyzed independently using Cluster, and Bayesian multiple mixed model phenotype analyses to investigate the relationship between non-motor symptoms and determine evidence of phenotypic subgroups. Results: Independent cluster analysis of the two cohorts suggests two predominant phenotypic subgroups, one consisting of approximately a third of participants in both cohorts, experiencing increased levels of depression, anxiety, sleep impairment, and pain catastrophizing, as well as, decreased quality of life. The Bayesian approach reinforced this with the primary axis, which explained the majority of the variance, in each cohort being associated with psychiatric symptomology, and also sleep impairment and pain catastrophizing in the Dystonia Wales cohort. Conclusions: Non-motor symptoms accompanying AOIFCD parse into two predominant phenotypic sub-groups, with differences in psychiatric symptoms, pain catastrophizing, sleep quality, and quality of life. Improved understanding of these symptom groups will enable better targeted pathophysiological investigation and future therapeutic intervention.
    Rights/Terms
    © 2021 The Authors. Brain and Behavior published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
    Keyword
    dystonia disorders
    phenotype
    surveys and questionnaires
    torticollis
    Identifier to cite or link to this item
    http://hdl.handle.net/10713/16227
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1002/brb3.2292
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