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    Aberrant anterior cingulate processing of anticipated threat as a mechanism for psychosis

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    Author
    Kvarta, Mark D
    Chiappelli, Joshua
    West, Jeffrey
    Goldwaser, Eric L
    Bruce, Heather A
    Ma, Yizhou
    Kochunov, Peter
    Hatch, Kathryn
    Gao, Si
    Jones, Aaron
    O'Neill, Hugh
    Du, Xiaoming
    Hong, L Elliot
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    Date
    2021-05-12
    Journal
    Psychiatry Research. Neuroimaging
    Publisher
    Elsevier B.V.
    Type
    Article
    
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    See at
    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pscychresns.2021.111300
    Abstract
    Stress and abnormal stress response are associated with schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD), but the brain mechanisms linking stress to symptomatology remain unclear. In this study, we used a stress-based functional neuroimaging task, reverse-translated from preclinical studies, to test the hypothesis that abnormal corticolimbic processing of stressful threat anticipation is associated with psychosis and affective symptoms in SSD. Participants underwent an MRI-compatible ankle-shock task (AST) in which the threat of mild electrical shock was anticipated. We compared functional brain activations during anticipatory threat periods from N = 18 participants with SSD (10 M/8F) to those from N = 12 community controls (9 M/3F). After family-wise error correction, only one region, the ventral anterior cingulate cortex (vACC), showed significantly reduced activation compared with controls. vACC activation significantly correlated with clinical symptoms measured by the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale total score (r = 0.54) and the psychosis subscale (r = 0.71), and inversely correlated with trait depression measured by the Maryland Trait and State Depression scale (r=-0.48). Deficient activation in vACC under stress of anticipated threat may lead to aberrant interpretation of such threat, contributing to psychosis and mood symptoms in SSD. This experimental paradigm has translational potential and may identify circuitry-level mechanisms of stress-related mental illness, leading to more targeted treatment.
    Rights/Terms
    Copyright © 2021. Published by Elsevier B.V.
    Keyword
    Ankle-shock
    Functional imaging
    Neuroimaging
    Schizophrenia
    Stress
    Identifier to cite or link to this item
    http://hdl.handle.net/10713/15819
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1016/j.pscychresns.2021.111300
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