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    Potential role of the skin and gut microbiota in premenarchal vulvar lichen sclerosus: A pilot case-control study

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    Author
    Chattopadhyay, Suhana
    Arnold, Justin D
    Malayil, Leena
    Hittle, Lauren
    Mongodin, Emmanuel F
    Marathe, Kalyani S
    Gomez-Lobo, Veronica
    Sapkota, Amy R
    Date
    2021-01-14
    Journal
    PLoS ONE
    Publisher
    Public Library of Science
    Type
    Article
    
    Metadata
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    See at
    https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245243
    Abstract
    The etiology of vulvar lichen sclerosus (LS) remains unclear; however, alterations in cutaneous and gut microbiota may be contributing to the pathogenesis of this inflammatory condition. To explore this hypothesis, we conducted a pilot case-control study, obtaining dermal swab and stool samples from prepubertal girls with vulvar LS (n = 5), girls with nonspecific vulvovaginitis (n = 5), and healthy controls (n = 3). Samples (n = 56) were subjected to total DNA extractions. Resulting DNA was purified, subjected to PCR (targeting the V3V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene), sequenced, and analyzed using QIIME, MetagenomeSeq, and DESeq2 software packages. Our findings showed that there were significant differences in the cutaneous and gut microbiotas of girls with LS compared to controls. On the skin, girls with LS had a statistically significantly higher relative abundance of Porphyromonas spp., Parvimonas spp., Peptoniphilus spp., Prevotella spp., Dialister spp., and Peptostreptococcus spp., but a lower relative abundance of Cornyebacterium compared to the control group. In the gut samples, girls with LS had a significantly higher relative abundance of Dialister spp., Clostridiales spp., Paraprevotella spp., Escherichia coli, Bifidobacterium adolescentis, and Akkermansia muciniphila, and a lower relative abundance of Roseburia faecis and Ruminococcus bromii compared to controls. These results suggest a potential association between cutaneous and gut dysbiosis and pediatric vulvar LS. Future studies involving larger samples sizes are warranted to further evaluate this association. © 2021 Chattopadhyay et al.
    Keyword
    Gastrointestinal Microbiome
    Skin--microbiology
    Vulvar Lichen Sclerosis--etiology
    Vulvar Lichen Sclerosis--microbiology
    Identifier to cite or link to this item
    http://hdl.handle.net/10713/14673
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1371/journal.pone.0245243
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