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    An antibacterial and injectable calcium phosphate scaffold delivering human periodontal ligament stem cells for bone tissue engineering

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    Author
    Chen, Hong
    Yang, Hui
    Weir, Michael D.
    Schneider, Abraham
    Ren, Ke
    Homayounfar, Negar
    Oates, Thomas W.
    Zhang, Ke
    Liu, Jin
    Hu, Tao
    Xu, Hockin H.K.
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    Date
    2020-11-01
    Journal
    RSC Advances
    Publisher
    Royal Society of Chemistry
    Type
    Article
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    See at
    https://doi.org/10.1039/d0ra06873j
    Abstract
    Osteomyelitis and post-operative infections are major problems in orthopedic, dental and craniofacial surgeries. It is highly desirable for a tissue engineering construct to kill bacteria, while simultaneously delivering stem cells and enhancing cell function and tissue regeneration. The objectives of this study were to: (1) develop a novel injectable calcium phosphate cement (CPC) scaffold containing antibiotic ornidazole (ORZ) while encapsulating human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs), and (2) investigate the inhibition efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and the promotion of hPDLSC function for osteogenesis for the first time. ORZ was incorporated into a CPC-chitosan scaffold. hPDLSCs were encapsulated in alginate microbeads (denoted hPDLSCbeads). The ORZ-loaded CPCC+hPDLSCbeads scaffold was fully injectable, and had a flexural strength of 3.50 ± 0.92 MPa and an elastic modulus of 1.30 ± 0.45 GPa, matching those of natural cancellous bone. With 6 days of sustained ORZ release, the CPCC+10ORZ (10% ORZ) scaffold had strong antibacterial effects on S. aureus, with an inhibition zone of 12.47 ± 1.01 mm. No colonies were observed in the CPCC+10ORZ group from 3 to 7 days. ORZ-containing scaffolds were biocompatible with hPDLSCs. CPCC+10ORZ+hPDLSCbeads scaffold with osteogenic medium had 2.4-fold increase in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and bone mineral synthesis by hPDLSCs, as compared to the control group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the novel antibacterial construct with stem cell delivery had injectability, good strength, strong antibacterial effects and biocompatibility, supporting osteogenic differentiation and bone mineral synthesis of hPDLSCs. The injectable and mechanically-strong CPCC+10ORZ+hPDLSCbeads construct has great potential for treating bone infections and promoting bone regeneration.
    Keyword
    bone tissue engineering
    Calcium Phosphates
    Tissue Scaffolds
    Tissue Engineering
    Osteomyelitis
    Periodontal Ligament
    Stem Cells
    Identifier to cite or link to this item
    http://hdl.handle.net/10713/14135
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1039/d0ra06873j
    Scopus Count
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