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    Plasma Proteome Responses in Salmonid Fish Following Immunization

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    Author
    Bakke, Fiona K.
    Monte, Milena M.
    Stead, David A.
    Causey, Dwight R.
    Douglas, Alex
    Macqueen, Daniel J.
    Dooley, Helen
    Date
    2020-10-08
    Journal
    Frontiers in Immunology
    Publisher
    Frontiers Media S.A.
    Type
    Article
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    See at
    https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.581070
    Abstract
    Vaccination plays a critical role in the protection of humans and other animals from infectious diseases. However, the same vaccine often confers different protection levels among individuals due to variation in genetics and/or immunological histories. While this represents a well-recognized issue in humans, it has received little attention in fish. Here we address this knowledge gap in a proteomic study of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum), using non-lethal repeated blood sampling to establish the plasma protein response of individual fish following immunization. Six trout were immunized with adjuvanted hen egg-white lysozyme (HEL) and peripheral blood sampled at ten time points from day 0 to day 84 post-injection. We confirm that an antigen-specific antibody response to HEL was raised, showing differences in timing and magnitude among individuals. Using label-free liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, we quantified the abundance of 278 plasma proteins across the timecourse. As part of the analysis, we show that this approach can distinguish many (but not all) duplicated plasma proteins encoded by paralogous genes retained from the salmonid-specific whole genome duplication event. Global variation in the plasma proteome was predominantly explained by individual differences among fish. However, sampling day explained a major component of variation in abundance for a statistically defined subset of 41 proteins, representing 15% of those detected. These proteins clustered into five groups showing distinct temporal responses to HEL immunization at the population level, and include classical immune (e.g. complement system members) and acute phase molecules (e.g. apolipoproteins, haptoglobins), several enzymes and other proteins supporting the immune response, in addition to evolutionarily conserved molecules that are as yet uncharacterized. Overall, this study improves our understanding of the fish plasma proteome, provides valuable marker proteins for different phases of the immune response, and has implications for vaccine development and the design of immune challenge experiments.
    Sponsors
    University of Aberdeen
    Keyword
    immunity
    immunoglobulin M
    liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry
    plasma
    proteome
    salmonid
    trout
    Identifier to cite or link to this item
    http://hdl.handle.net/10713/13996
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.3389/fimmu.2020.581070
    Scopus Count
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    UMB Open Access Articles 2020

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