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    Redefining enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC): Genomic characterization of epidemiological EAEC strains

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    Author
    Boisen, Nadia
    Østerlund, Mark T
    Joensen, Katrine G
    Santiago, Araceli E
    Mandomando, Inacio
    Cravioto, Alejandro
    Chattaway, Marie A
    Gonyar, Laura A
    Overballe-Petersen, Søren
    Stine, O Colin
    Rasko, David A
    Scheutz, Flemming
    Nataro, James P
    Show allShow less

    Date
    2020-09-08
    Journal
    PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
    Publisher
    Public Library of Science
    Type
    Article
    
    Metadata
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    See at
    https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008613
    Abstract
    Although enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) has been implicated as a common cause of diarrhea in multiple settings, neither its essential genomic nature nor its role as an enteric pathogen are fully understood. The current definition of this pathotype requires demonstration of cellular adherence; a working molecular definition encompasses E. coli which do not harbor the heat-stable or heat-labile toxins of enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) and harbor the genes aaiC, aggR, and/or aatA. In an effort to improve the definition of this pathotype, we report the most definitive characterization of the pan-genome of EAEC to date, applying comparative genomics and functional characterization on a collection of 97 EAEC strains isolated in the course of a multicenter case-control diarrhea study (Global Enteric Multi-Center Study, GEMS). Genomic analysis revealed that the EAEC strains mapped to all phylogenomic groups of E. coli. Circa 70% of strains harbored one of the five described AAF variants; there were no additional AAF variants identified, and strains that lacked an identifiable AAF generally did not have an otherwise complete AggR regulon. An exception was strains that harbored an ETEC colonization factor (CF) CS22, like AAF a member of the chaperone-usher family of adhesins, but not phylogenetically related to the AAF family. Of all genes scored, sepA yielded the strongest association with diarrhea (P = 0.002) followed by the increased serum survival gene, iss (p = 0.026), and the outer membrane protease gene ompT (p = 0.046). Notably, the EAEC genomes harbored several genes characteristically associated with other E. coli pathotypes. Our data suggest that a molecular definition of EAEC could comprise E. coli strains harboring AggR and a complete AAF(I-V) or CS22 gene cluster. Further, it is possible that strains meeting this definition could be both enteric bacteria and urinary/systemic pathogens.
    Keyword
    Escherichia coli--genetics
    Escherichia coli--pathogenicity
    Identifier to cite or link to this item
    http://hdl.handle.net/10713/13790
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1371/journal.pntd.0008613
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