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    The Multifaceted Histidine-Based Carriers for Nucleic Acid Delivery: Advances and Challenges

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    Author
    He, Jiaxi
    Xu, Songhui
    Mixson, A James
    Date
    2020-08-14
    Journal
    Pharmaceutics
    Publisher
    MDPI AG
    Type
    Article
    Other
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    See at
    https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12080774
    Abstract
    Histidines incorporated into carriers of nucleic acids may enhance the extracellular stability of the nanoparticle, yet aid in the intracellular disruption of the nanoparticle, enabling the release of the nucleic acid. Moreover, protonation of histidines in the endosomes may result in endosomal swelling with subsequent lysis. These properties of histidine are based on its fivemember imidazole ring in which the two nitrogen atoms may form hydrogen bonds or act as a base in acidic environments. A wide variety of carriers have integrated histidines or histidine-rich domains, which include peptides, polyethylenimine, polysaccharides, platform delivery systems, viral phages, mesoporous silica particles, and liposomes. Histidine-rich carriers have played key roles in our understanding of the stability of nanocarriers and the escape of the nucleic acids from endosomes. These carriers show great promise and offer marked potential in delivering plasmids, siRNA, and mRNA to their intracellular targets. © 2020 by the authors.
    Keyword
    gene therapy
    histidine
    imidazole
    nanoparticles
    nucleic acids
    peptides
    polymers
    polyplexes
    Identifier to cite or link to this item
    http://hdl.handle.net/10713/13685
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.3390/pharmaceutics12080774
    Scopus Count
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    UMB Open Access Articles 2020

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