Research in a time of enteroids and organoids: how the human gut model has transformed the study of enteric bacterial pathogens
Date
2020-11-01Journal
Gut MicrobesPublisher
Taylor and Francis Inc.Type
Article
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Enteric bacterial pathogens cause significant morbidity and mortality globally. Studies in tissue culture and animal models shaped our initial understanding of these host-pathogen interactions. However, intrinsic shortcomings in these models limit their application, especially in translational applications like drug screening and vaccine development. Human intestinal enteroid and organoid models overcome some limitations of existing models and advance the study of enteric pathogens. In this review, we detail the use of human enteroids and organoids to investigate the pathogenesis of invasive bacteria Shigella, Listeria, and Salmonella, and noninvasive bacteria pathogenic Escherichia coli, Clostridium difficile, and Vibrio cholerae. We highlight how these studies confirm previously identified mechanisms and, importantly, reveal novel ones. We also discuss the challenges for model advancement, including platform engineering to integrate environmental conditions, innate immune cells and the resident microbiome, and the potential for pre-clinical testing of recently developed antimicrobial drugs and vaccines.Identifier to cite or link to this item
http://hdl.handle.net/10713/13649ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.1080/19490976.2020.1795389
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