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    Expression profiling of human milk derived exosomal microRNAs and their targets in HIV-1 infected mothers

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    Author
    Zahoor, Muhammad Atif
    Yao, Xiao Dan
    Henrick, Bethany M.
    Verschoor, Chris P.
    Abimiku, Alash’le
    Osawe, Sophia
    Rosenthal, Kenneth L.
    Date
    2020-12-01
    Journal
    Scientific Reports
    Publisher
    Springer Nature
    Type
    Article
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    See at
    https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-69799-x
    Abstract
    Despite the use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV-1 infected mothers approximately 5% of new HIV-1 infections still occur in breastfed infants annually, which warrants for the development of novel strategies to prevent new HIV-1 infections in infants. Human milk (HM) exosomes are highly enriched in microRNAs (miRNAs), which play an important role in neonatal immunity. Furthermore, HM exosomes from healthy donors are known to inhibit HIV-1 infection and transmission; however, the effect of HIV-1 on HM exosomal miRNA signatures remains unknown. In this study, we used nCounter NanoString technology and investigated miRNAs expression profiles in first week postpartum HM exosomes from HIV-1 infected and uninfected control mothers (n = 36). Our results indicated that HIV-1 perturbed the differential expression patterns of 19 miRNAs (13 upregulated and 6 downregulated) in HIV-1 infected women compared to healthy controls. DIANA-miR functional pathway analyses revealed that multiple biological pathways are involved including cell cycle, pathways in cancer, TGF-β signaling, FoxO signaling, fatty acid biosynthesis, p53 signaling and apoptosis. Moreover, the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analyses of miR-630 and miR-378g yielded areas under the ROC curves of 0.82 (95% CI 0.67 to 0.82) and 0.83 (95% CI 0.67 to 0.83), respectively highlighting their potential to serve as biomarkers to identify HIV-1 infection in women. These data may contribute to the development of new therapeutic strategies in prevention of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV-1. © 2020, The Author(s).
    Sponsors
    Canadian Institutes of Health Research
    Keyword
    Breast Milk, Human
    Exosomes
    HIV Infections
    Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical--prevention & control
    MicroRNAs--immunology
    Identifier to cite or link to this item
    http://hdl.handle.net/10713/13498
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1038/s41598-020-69799-x
    Scopus Count
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    UMB Open Access Articles 2020

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