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    Interactions between Borrelia burgdorferi and ticks

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    Author
    Kurokawa, C.
    Lynn, G.E.
    Pedra, J.H.F.
    Pal, U.
    Narasimhan, S.
    Fikrig, E.
    Date
    2020
    Journal
    Nature Reviews Microbiology
    Publisher
    Nature Research
    Type
    Article
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    See at
    https://doi.org/10.1038/s41579-020-0400-5
    Abstract
    Borrelia burgdorferi is the causative agent of Lyme disease and is transmitted to vertebrate hosts by Ixodes spp. ticks. The spirochaete relies heavily on its arthropod host for basic metabolic functions and has developed complex interactions with ticks to successfully colonize, persist and, at the optimal time, exit the tick. For example, proteins shield spirochaetes from immune factors in the bloodmeal and facilitate the transition between vertebrate and arthropod environments. On infection, B. burgdorferi induces selected tick proteins that modulate the vector gut microbiota towards an environment that favours colonization by the spirochaete. Additionally, the recent sequencing of the Ixodes scapularis genome and characterization of tick immune defence pathways, such as the JAK–STAT, immune deficiency and cross-species interferon-γ pathways, have advanced our understanding of factors that are important for B. burgdorferi persistence in the tick. In this Review, we summarize interactions between B. burgdorferi and I. scapularis during infection, as well as interactions with tick gut and salivary gland proteins important for establishing infection and transmission to the vertebrate host.
    Sponsors
    This work was supported by grants from the NIH (AI126033 and AI138949) and the Steven and Alexandra Cohen Foundation. E.F. is an investigator with the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. C.K. is supported by an NIH immunohematopathology research training grant (T32HL007974).
    Keyword
    Borrelia bergdorferi
    Ixodes
    Insect Vectors--physiology
    Identifier to cite or link to this item
    https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85087836964&doi=10.1038%2fs41579-020-0400-5&partnerID=40&md5=b925a5f92f2bff325de764142bed5243; http://hdl.handle.net/10713/13389
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1038/s41579-020-0400-5
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