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    Correlations of Calf Muscle Macrophage Content With Muscle Properties and Walking Performance in Peripheral Artery Disease

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    Author
    Kosmac, K.
    Gonzalez-Freire, M.
    Guralnik, J.M.
    Date
    2020
    Journal
    Journal of the American Heart Association
    Publisher
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Type
    Article
    
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    Show full item record
    See at
    https://doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.118.015929
    Abstract
    Background Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a manifestation of atherosclerosis characterized by reduced blood flow to the lower extremities and mobility loss. Preliminary evidence suggests PAD damages skeletal muscle, resulting in muscle impairments that contribute to functional decline. We sought to determine whether PAD is associated with an altered macrophage profile in gastrocnemius muscles and whether muscle macrophage populations are associated with impaired muscle phenotype and walking performance in patients with PAD. Methods and Results Macrophages, satellite cells, and extracellular matrix in gastrocnemius muscles from 25 patients with PAD and 7 patients without PAD were quantified using immunohistochemistry. Among patients with PAD, both the absolute number and percentage of cluster of differentiation (CD) 11b+CD206+ M2-like macrophages positively correlated to satellite cell number (r=0.461 [P=0.023] and r=0.416 [P=0.042], respectively) but not capillary density or extracellular matrix. The number of CD11b+CD206- macrophages negatively correlated to 4-meter walk tests at normal (r=-0.447, P=0.036) and fast pace (r=-0.510, P=0.014). Extracellular matrix occupied more muscle area in PAD compared with non-PAD (8.72±2.19% versus 5.30±1.03%, P<0.001) and positively correlated with capillary density (r=0.656, P<0.001). Conclusions Among people with PAD, higher CD206+ M2-like macrophage abundance was associated with greater satellite cell numbers and muscle fiber size. Lower CD206- macrophage abundance was associated with better walking performance. Further study is needed to determine whether CD206+ macrophages are associated with ongoing reparative processes enabling skeletal muscle adaptation to damage with PAD. Registration URL: https://www.clini?caltr?ials.gov; Unique identifiers: NCT00693940, NCT01408901, NCT0224660.
    Keyword
    macrophage
    peripheral artery disease
    skeletal muscle
    walking performance
    Identifier to cite or link to this item
    https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85084943568&doi=10.1161%2fJAHA.118.015929&partnerID=40&md5=8063352e2eae22c5ae52ccce5135271b; http://hdl.handle.net/10713/12901
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1161/JAHA.118.015929
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