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    High prevalence of integrase mutation L74I in West African HIV-1 subtypes prior to integrase inhibitor treatment

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    Author
    El, Bouzidi, K.
    Kemp, S.A.
    Charurat, M.E.
    Date
    2020
    Journal
    The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
    Publisher
    Oxford University Press
    Type
    Article
    
    Metadata
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    See at
    https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkaa033
    Abstract
    OBJECTIVES: HIV-1 integrase inhibitors are recommended as first-line therapy by WHO, though efficacy and resistance data for non-B subtypes are limited. Two recent trials have identified the integrase L74I mutation to be associated with integrase inhibitor treatment failure in HIV-1 non-B subtypes. We sought to define the prevalence of integrase resistance mutations, including L74I, in West Africa. METHODS: We studied a Nigerian cohort of recipients prior to and during receipt of second-line PI-based therapy, who were integrase inhibitor-naive. Illumina next-generation sequencing with target enrichment was used on stored plasma samples. Drug resistance was interpreted using the Stanford Resistance Database and the IAS-USA 2019 mutation lists. RESULTS: Of 115 individuals, 59.1% harboured CRF02_AG HIV-1 and 40.9% harboured subtype G HIV-1. Four participants had major IAS-USA integrase resistance-associated mutations detected at low levels (2%-5% frequency). Two had Q148K minority variants and two had R263K (one of whom also had L74I). L74I was detected in plasma samples at over 2% frequency in 40% (46/115). Twelve (26.1%) had low-level minority variants of between 2% and 20% of the viral population sampled. The remaining 34 (73.9%) had L74I present at >20% frequency. L74I was more common among those with subtype G infection (55.3%, 26/47) than those with CRF02_AG infection (29.4%, 20/68) (P?=?0.005). CONCLUSIONS: HIV-1 subtypes circulating in West Africa appear to have very low prevalence of major integrase mutations, but significant prevalence of L74I. A combination of in vitro and clinical studies is warranted to understand the potential implications. Copyright The Author(s) 2020.
    Keyword
    integrase L74I mutation
    HIV Integrase Inhibitors
    HIV-1
    Africa, Western
    Identifier to cite or link to this item
    https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85084717778&doi=10.1093%2fjac%2fdkaa033&partnerID=40&md5=277fe6b3b47b946788ca899eeb461748; http://hdl.handle.net/10713/12825
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1093/jac/dkaa033
    Scopus Count
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    UMB Open Access Articles 2020

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