The ORF4b-encoded accessory proteins of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus and two related bat coronaviruses localize to the nucleus and inhibit innate immune signalling
Date
2014Journal
Journal of General VirologyPublisher
Society for General MicrobiologyType
Article
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The recently emerged Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), a betacoronavirus, is associated with severe pneumonia and renal failure. The environmental origin of MERS-CoV is as yet unknown; however, its genome sequence is closely related to those of two bat coronaviruses, named BtCoV-HKU4 and BtCoV-HKU5, which were derived from Chinese bat samples. A hallmark of highly pathogenic respiratory viruses is their ability to evade the innate immune response of the host. CoV accessory proteins, for example those from severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV (SARS-CoV), have been shown to block innate antiviral signalling pathways. MERS-CoV, similar to SARS-CoV, has been shown to inhibit type I IFN induction in a variety of cell types in vitro. We therefore hypothesized that MERS-CoV and the phylogenetically related BtCoV-HKU4 and BtCoV-HKU5 may encode proteins with similar capabilities. In this study, we have demonstrated that the ORF4b-encoded accessory protein (p4b) of MERS-CoV, BtCoV-HKU4 and BtCoV-HKU5 may indeed facilitate innate immune evasion by inhibiting the type I IFN and NF-κB signalling pathways. We also analysed the subcellular localization of p4b from MERS-CoV, BtCoV-HKU4 and BtCoV-HKU5 and demonstrated that all are localized to the nucleus.Keyword
MERS-CoVSARS-CoV
ORF4b-encoded accessory protein
p4b
bat coronaviruses
protein inhibitors
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus
SARS Virus
Coronavirus Infections
Betacoronavirus
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https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84897055458&doi=10.1099%2fvir.0.062059-0&partnerID=40&md5=65870b91651def8b827047d61fcd78f1; http://hdl.handle.net/10713/12415ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.1099/vir.0.062059-0
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