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    Nonoptimal Vaginal Microbiota After Azithromycin Treatment for Chlamydia trachomatis Infection

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    Author
    Gajer, P.
    Humphrys, M.S.
    Terplan, M.
    Mark, K.S.
    Brotman, R.M.
    Bavoil, P.M.
    Ravel, J.
    Ma, B.
    Date
    2020
    Journal
    The Journal of infectious diseases
    Publisher
    Oxford University Press
    Type
    Article
    
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    Show full item record
    See at
    https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiz499
    Abstract
    We characterized the composition and structure of the vaginal microbiota in a cohort of 149 women with genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection at baseline who were followed quarterly for 9 months after antibiotic treatment. At time of diagnosis, the vaginal microbiota was dominated by Lactobacillus iners or a diverse array of bacterial vaginosis-associated bacteria including Gardnerella vaginalis. Interestingly, L. iners-dominated communities were most common after azithromycin treatment (1 g monodose), consistent with the observed relative resistance of L. iners to azithromycin. Lactobacillus iners-dominated communities have been associated with increased risk of C. trachomatis infection, suggesting that the impact of antibiotic treatment on the vaginal microbiota could favor reinfections. These results provide support for the dual need to account for the potential perturbing effect(s) of antibiotic treatment on the vaginal microbiota, and to develop strategies to protect and restore optimal vaginal microbiota. Copyright The Author(s) 2019.
    Sponsors
    Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases of the NIH (award numbers U19AI084044,UH2AI083264, and R21AI130627).
    Keyword
    Chlamydia trachomatis
    16S rRNA gene sequencing
    antibiotics
    longitudinal
    sexually transmitted infection
    vaginal microbiome
    Identifier to cite or link to this item
    https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85079022939&doi=10.1093%2finfdis%2fjiz499&partnerID=40&md5=5890bb21cc6d42f1f8675e152313f2e4; http://hdl.handle.net/10713/12012
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1093/infdis/jiz499
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