Nonoptimal Vaginal Microbiota After Azithromycin Treatment for Chlamydia trachomatis Infection
Date
2020Journal
The Journal of infectious diseasesPublisher
Oxford University PressType
Article
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We characterized the composition and structure of the vaginal microbiota in a cohort of 149 women with genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection at baseline who were followed quarterly for 9 months after antibiotic treatment. At time of diagnosis, the vaginal microbiota was dominated by Lactobacillus iners or a diverse array of bacterial vaginosis-associated bacteria including Gardnerella vaginalis. Interestingly, L. iners-dominated communities were most common after azithromycin treatment (1 g monodose), consistent with the observed relative resistance of L. iners to azithromycin. Lactobacillus iners-dominated communities have been associated with increased risk of C. trachomatis infection, suggesting that the impact of antibiotic treatment on the vaginal microbiota could favor reinfections. These results provide support for the dual need to account for the potential perturbing effect(s) of antibiotic treatment on the vaginal microbiota, and to develop strategies to protect and restore optimal vaginal microbiota. Copyright The Author(s) 2019.Sponsors
Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases of the NIH (award numbers U19AI084044,UH2AI083264, and R21AI130627).Keyword
Chlamydia trachomatis16S rRNA gene sequencing
antibiotics
longitudinal
sexually transmitted infection
vaginal microbiome
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https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85079022939&doi=10.1093%2finfdis%2fjiz499&partnerID=40&md5=5890bb21cc6d42f1f8675e152313f2e4; http://hdl.handle.net/10713/12012ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.1093/infdis/jiz499
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