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    Campylobacter Abundance in Breastfed Infants and Identification of a New Species in the Global Enterics Multicenter Study

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    Author
    Nasrin, D.
    Kotloff, K.L.
    Tennant, S.M.
    Date
    2020
    Journal
    mSphere
    Publisher
    American Society for Microbiology
    Type
    Article
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    See at
    https://doi.org/10.1128/mSphere.00735-19
    Abstract
    Campylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of bacterial diarrhea worldwide and is associated with high rates of mortality and growth stunting in children inhabiting low- to middle-resource countries. To better understand the impact of breastfeeding on Campylobacter infection in infants in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia, we examined fecal microbial compositions, bacterial isolates, and their carbohydrate metabolic pathways in Campylobacter-positive infants <1 year of age from the Global Enterics Multicenter Study. Exclusively breastfed infants with diarrhea exhibited high Campylobacter abundances, and this negatively correlated with bacterial carbohydrate metabolism. Although C. jejuni and Campylobacter coli are prevalent among these infants, the second most abundant Campylobacter species was a new species, which we named "Candidatus Campylobacter infans." Asymptomatic Campylobacter carriers also possess significantly different proportions of specific gut microbes compared to diarrheal cases. These findings provide insight into Campylobacter infections in infants in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia and help inform strategies aimed at eliminating campylobacteriosis in these areas.IMPORTANCECampylobacter is the primary cause of bacterial diarrhea in the United States and can lead to the development of the postinfectious autoimmune neuropathy known as Guillain-Barré syndrome. Also, drug-resistant campylobacters are becoming a serious concern both locally and abroad. In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), infection with Campylobacter is linked to high rates of morbidity, growth stunting, and mortality in children, and breastfeeding is important for infant nutrition, development, and protection against infectious diseases. In this study, we examined the relationship between breastfeeding and Campylobacter infection and demonstrate the increased selection for C. jejuni and C. coli strains unable to metabolize fucose. We also identify a new Campylobacter species coinfecting these infants with a high prevalence in five of the seven countries in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia examined. These findings indicate that more detailed studies are needed in LMICs to understand the Campylobacter infection process in order to devise a strategy for eliminating this pathogenic microbe. Copyright 2020 Bian et al.
    Sponsors
    This work was supported by U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service CRIS project 2030-42000-051-00D.
    Keyword
    breastfeeding
    Campylobacter
    GEMS
    l-fucose metabolism
    "Candidatus Campylobacter infans," gut microbiome
    Identifier to cite or link to this item
    https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85077941694&doi=10.1128%2fmSphere.00735-19&partnerID=40&md5=71a2eaf55322beb002eee4274164deb2; http://hdl.handle.net/10713/11675
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1128/mSphere.00735-19
    Scopus Count
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    UMB Open Access Articles 2020

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