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    Topical trabodenoson is neuroprotective in a rodent model of anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (Rnaion)

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    Author
    Guo, Y.
    Mehrabian, Z.
    Johnson, M.A.
    Bernstein, S.L.
    Date
    2019
    Journal
    Translational Vision Science and Technology
    Publisher
    Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Inc.
    Type
    Article
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    See at
    https://doi.org/10.1167/tvst.8.6.47
    Abstract
    Purpose: Nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) is the leading cause of sudden optic nerve–related vision loss currently without effective treatment. We evaluated the neuroprotective potential of ocular (topical) delivery of trabodenoson, a selective A1 receptor mimetic, in a rodent model of NAION (rNAION). Methods: Daily topical delivery of 3% trabodenoson or vehicle administered in both eyes 3 days prior to rNAION induction and for 21 days post induction. Retinal appearance and optic nerve head (ONH) edema was evaluated using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Retinal function was evaluated before and after induction by ganzfeld electroretinography (ERG). Brn3a(þ) retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) were quantified by stereology. Axonal ultrastructure was evaluated by electron microscopy. Results: Trabodenoson-treated eyes had significantly reduced optic nerve (ON) edema compared with vehicle-treated eyes (ANOVA, P, 0.05). Electrophysiologically, there was a nonsignificant trend toward b-wave and oscillatory potential (OP) preservation in the trabodenoson-treated eyes. RGC counts were higher in trabodenoson-treated eyes compared to vehicle (74% versus 47% of the contralateral eye; two-tailed t-test; P ¼ 0.01), as were ON axons. No overt morphologic differences in cell inflammation were observed between vehicle-and trabodenoson-treated ONHs, but trabodenoson-treated ONHs revealed increased expression of astrocyte-related neuroprotective responses. Conclusions: Trabodenoson preserves RGCs in the rodent NAION model. While previous clinical trials focused on trabodenoson’s ocular antihypertensive effect, our data suggest trabodenoson’s primary target may be both the retina and ONH. Selective adenosine A1 agonists may prove an appropriate neuroprotective adjunctive for ischemia-related ON diseases such as NAION and glaucoma. Translational Relevance: RGC and ON neuroprotection in ischemic neuropathies may be achievable by topical administration of A1 adenosine agonists rather than by simply relying on intraocular pressure reduction.
    Sponsors
    This study was initiated and partially funded by Inotek Pharmaceuticals. This study was also funded by National Institutes of Health Grant RO1-EY015304 (SLB).
    Keyword
    Adenosine receptor mimetics
    Astrocytes
    Edema
    Ischemia
    Neuroprotection
    Nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION)
    Optic nerve
    Identifier to cite or link to this item
    https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85078128228&doi=10.1167%2ftvst.8.6.47&partnerID=40&md5=e7ec7ff8f0b64f91eaae313e74fb905d; http://hdl.handle.net/10713/11664
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1167/tvst.8.6.47
    Scopus Count
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    UMB Open Access Articles 2019

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