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    The neural processes of acquiring placebo effects through observation

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    Author
    Schenk, L.A.
    Colloca, L.
    Date
    2020
    Journal
    NeuroImage
    Publisher
    Academic Press Inc.
    Type
    Article
    
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    https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116510
    Abstract
    Learning through social observation is critical for humans. The present study investigates the neural processes underlying the acquisition of placebo effects through observational learning. We created a new functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) paradigm where participants (n ​= ​38, healthy, both sexes) observed a demonstrator experiencing pain relief by a placebo treatment cream and experiencing pain without a treatment (control cream), and subsequently performed the same procedure themselves. Participants demonstrated placebo hypoalgesia while they performed the procedure themselves, confirming that observational learning can lead to placebo effects. During the observational learning phase, fMRI analysis showed a modulation of the amygdalae, periaqueductal grey, temporoparietal junctions (TPJ), and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Connectivity between the DLPFC and TPJ during the observational learning task was modulated by the placebo treatment and predicted subsequent placebo effects. Mediation analysis further confirmed that the DLPFC-TPJ connectivity formally mediated the effect of the observed treatment condition on subsequent placebo effects. Additionally, pre-recorded resting state connectivity between the DLPFC and TPJ also predicted observationally-learned placebo effects. Our findings provide an understanding of the neural processes during the acquisition of placebo effects through observation and indicate a critical role for DLPFC-TPJ integration processes during observational learning of therapeutic outcomes.
    Sponsors
    This research was supported by the Dean Initiatives Funds University of Maryland School of Nursing , Baltimore (L.C.), the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR, R01DE025946 , L.C.), the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences ( 1UL1TR003098-01 , L.C.), and the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health ( 1R01AT010333-01A1 , L.C.).
    Keyword
    fMRI
    Observational learning
    Pain
    Placebo analgesia
    Social learning
    Identifier to cite or link to this item
    https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85078082789&doi=10.1016%2fj.neuroimage.2019.116510&partnerID=40&md5=db138e94276a2815fed4e56751c27510; http://hdl.handle.net/10713/11649
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116510
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