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    Lipopolysaccharides from Different Burkholderia Species with Different Lipid A Structures Induce Toll-Like Receptor 4 Activation and React with Melioidosis Patient Sera

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    Author
    Sengyee, S.
    Yoon, S.H.
    West, T.E.
    Date
    2019
    Journal
    Infection and immunity
    Publisher
    American Society for Microbiology
    Type
    Article
    
    Metadata
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    See at
    https://doi.org/10.1128/IAI.00692-19
    Abstract
    Lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) of Gram-negative bacteria comprise lipid A, core, and O-polysaccharide (OPS) components. Studies have demonstrated that LPSs isolated from the pathogenic species Burkholderia pseudomallei and Burkholderia mallei and from less-pathogenic species, such as Burkholderia thailandensis, are potent immune stimulators. The LPS structure of B. pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, is highly conserved in isolates from Thailand; however, the LPSs isolated from other, related species have not been characterized to enable understanding of their immune recognition and antigenicities. Here, we describe the structural and immunological characteristics of the LPSs isolated from eight Burkholderia species and compare those for B. pseudomallei to those for the other seven species. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), gas chromatography (GC), SDS-PAGE, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) stimulation, and immunoblot analysis were performed on these Burkholderia species. MALDI-TOF profiles demonstrated that Burkholderia lipid A contains predominantly penta-acylated species modified with 4-amino-4-deoxy-arabinose residues at both terminal phosphate groups. The lipid A could be differentiated based on mass differences at m/z 1,511, 1,642, 1,773, and 1,926 and on fatty acid composition. LPSs of all species induced TLR4-dependent NF-?B responses; however, while SDS-PAGE analysis showed similar LPS ladder patterns for B. pseudomallei, B. thailandensis, and B. mallei, these patterns differed from those of other Burkholderia species. Interestingly, immunoblot analysis demonstrated that melioidosis patient sera cross-reacted with OPSs of other Burkholderia species. These findings can be used to better understand the characteristics of LPS in Burkholderia species, and they have implications for serological diagnostics based on the detection of antibodies to OPS. Copyright 2019 Sengyee et al.
    Keyword
    antibody
    bacterial infection
    Burkholderia
    diagnostics
    innate immunity
    lipopolysaccharide
    LPS structure
    melioidosis
    O-polysaccharide
    serology
    TLR4
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    Identifier to cite or link to this item
    https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85075222273&doi=10.1128%2fIAI.00692-19&partnerID=40&md5=aa9ece7785b5fca3fdc0d78d1a496a4c; http://hdl.handle.net/10713/11462
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1128/IAI.00692-19
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    UMB Open Access Articles 2019

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