Intracranial applications of mr imaging-guided focused ultrasound
Date
2017Journal
American Journal of NeuroradiologyPublisher
American Society of NeuroradiologyType
Article
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Initially used in the treatment of prostate cancer and uterine fibroids, the role of focused ultrasound has expanded as transcranial acoustic wave distortion and other limitations have been overcome. Its utility relies on focal energy deposition via acoustic wave propagation. The duty cycle and intensity of focused ultrasound influence the rate of energy deposition and result in unique physiologic and biomechanical effects. Thermal ablation via high-intensity continuous exposure generates coagulative necrosis of tissues. High-intensity, pulsed application reduces temporally averaged energy deposition, resulting in mechanical effects, including reversible, localized BBB disruption, which enhances neurotherapeutic agent delivery. While the precise mechanisms remain unclear, low-intensity, pulsed exposures can influence neuronal activity with preservation of cytoarchitecture. Its noninvasive nature, high-resolution, radiationfree features allow focused ultrasound to compare favorably with other modalities. We discuss the physical characteristics of focused ultrasound devices, the biophysical mechanisms at the tissue level, and current and emerging applications.Identifier to cite or link to this item
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85015765696&doi=10.3174%2fajnr.A4902&partnerID=40&md5=39ca02d55425e95536f794f89b910fc8; http://hdl.handle.net/10713/11292ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.3174/ajnr.A4902
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