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    Microparticle and interleukin-1β production with human simulated compressed air diving

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    Author
    Brett, K.D.
    Yang, M.
    Thom, S.R.
    Date
    2019
    Journal
    Scientific reports
    Publisher
    Nature Publishing Group
    Type
    Article
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    See at
    https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-49924-1
    Abstract
    Production of blood-borne microparticles (MPs), 0.1–1 µm diameter vesicles, and interleukin (IL)-1β in response to high pressure is reported in lab animals and associated with pathological changes. It is unknown whether the responses occur in humans, and whether they are due to exposure to high pressure or to the process of decompression. Blood from research subjects exposed in hyperbaric chambers to air pressure equal to 18 meters of sea water (msw) for 60 minutes or 30 msw for 35 minutes were obtained prior to and during compression and 2 hours post-decompression. MPs and intra-particle IL-1β elevations occurred while at pressure in both groups. At 18 msw (n = 15) MPs increased by 1.8-fold, and IL-1β by 7.0-fold (p < 0.05, repeated measures ANOVA on ranks). At 30 msw (n = 16) MPs increased by 2.5-fold, and IL-1β by 4.6-fold (p < 0.05), and elevations persisted after decompression with MPs elevated by 2.0-fold, and IL-1β by 6.0-fold (p < 0.05). Whereas neutrophils incubated in ambient air pressure for up to 3 hours ex vivo did not generate MPs, those exposed to air pressure at 180 kPa for 1 hour generated 1.4 ± 0.1 MPs/cell (n = 8, p < 0.05 versus ambient air), and 1.7 ± 0.1 MPs/cell (p < 0.05 versus ambient air) when exposed to 300 kPa for 35 minutes. At both pressures IL-1β concentration tripled (p < 0.05 versus ambient air) during pressure exposure and increased 6-fold (p < 0.05 versus ambient air) over 2 hours post-decompression. Platelets also generated MPs but at a rate about 1/100 that seen with neutrophils. We conclude that production of MPs containing elevated concentrations of IL-1β occur in humans during exposure to high gas pressures, more so than as a response to decompression. While these events may pose adverse health threats, their contribution to decompression sickness development requires further study.
    Sponsors
    Tis project was supported by the Canadian Forces Surgeon General Health Research Program, Grant N00014-16-1-2868 from the Ofce of Naval Research and an unrestricted grant from the National Foundation of Emergency Medicine.
    Keyword
    blood-borne microparticles
    high gas pressure
    Barotrauma--physiopathology
    Decompression
    Identifier to cite or link to this item
    https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85072283974&doi=10.1038%2fs41598-019-49924-1&partnerID=40&md5=a0066e812c60877ed2d109f9a62b071a; http://hdl.handle.net/10713/11023
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1038/s41598-019-49924-1
    Scopus Count
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