Hijacking antibody-induced CTLA-4 lysosomal degradation for safer and more effective cancer immunotherapy
Date
2019Journal
Cell ResearchPublisher
Nature Publishing GroupType
Article
Metadata
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It remains unclear why the clinically used anti-CTLA-4 antibodies, popularly called checkpoint inhibitors, have severe immunotherapy-related adverse effects (irAEs) and yet suboptimal cancer immunotherapeutic effects (CITE). Here we report that while irAE-prone Ipilimumab and TremeIgG1 rapidly direct cell surface CTLA-4 for lysosomal degradation, the non-irAE-prone antibodies we generated, HL12 or HL32, dissociate from CTLA-4 after endocytosis and allow CTLA-4 recycling to cell surface by the LRBA-dependent mechanism. Disrupting CTLA-4 recycling results in robust CTLA-4 downregulation by all anti-CTLA-4 antibodies and confers toxicity to a non-irAE-prone anti-CTLA-4 mAb. Conversely, increasing the pH sensitivity of TremeIgG1 by introducing designed tyrosine-to-histidine mutations prevents antibody-triggered lysosomal CTLA-4 downregulation and dramatically attenuates irAE. Surprisingly, by avoiding CTLA-4 downregulation and due to their increased bioavailability, pH-sensitive anti-CTLA-4 antibodies are more effective in intratumor regulatory T-cell depletion and rejection of large established tumors. Our data establish a new paradigm for cancer research that allows for abrogating irAE while increasing CITE of anti-CTLA-4 antibodies. Copyright 2019, IBCB, SIBS, CAS.Keyword
IpilimumabIdentifier to cite or link to this item
https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85068463104&doi=10.1038%2fs41422-019-0184-1&partnerID=40&md5=9e4361a0e83ab4554be04ee3cca8ea87; http://hdl.handle.net/10713/10653ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
10.1038/s41422-019-0184-1